The DOI matches its Crossref record; 17 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Social cognitive theory and physical activity: Mechanisms of behavior change, critique, and legacy
Abstract
Objectives: With a view to understanding and explaining human behavior, Bandura developed social cognitive theory (SCT; 1986, 2001). This theory articulates the causal mechanisms through which efficacy beliefs, outcome expectations, sociostructural factors, and goals influence behavior. The purpose of this review is to critically appraise the current state of knowledge in the physical activity domain, as it relates to the core tenets of Bandura's SCT, and in particular those aspects of the theory that have received less attention. Method: A state‐of‐the‐art review. Results and conclusions: The review highlights five major critiques and contentions related to SCT, and also provides an overview of the legacy of this framework within the physical activity domain. Implications for theory refinement, future research, and knowledge mobilization are discussed. HighlightsSocial Cognitive Theory (SCT) represents a parsimonious model to understand physical activity.Most research that has used SCT has focused on the self‐efficacy construct.Some important critiques of SCT have emerged in recent years. These are discussed.SCT has left a considerable legacy on the field of sport and exercise psychology.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The theory of planned behavior
Ajzen, I. (1991) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-t · Cited by 90,587
Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change
Bandura, A. (1977) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.84.2.191 · Cited by 43,925
Kytle, J., & Bandura, A. (1978) · Contemporary Sociology · doi:10.2307/2065952 · Cited by 25,422 · cited 7×
“According to Bandura (1997) efficacy beliefs are key to human agency, with self-efficacy theory (Bandura, 1977a, 1997) representing the primary sub-theory of SCT, that itself explicates both the structure and causal sources of those efficacy beliefs.”
BackgroundInfluentialMichie, S., van Stralen, M. M., & West, R. (2011) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/1748-5908-6-42 · Cited by 13,697
A typology of reviews: an analysis of 14 review types and associated methodologies
Grant, M. J., & Booth, A. (2009) · Health Information & Libraries Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1471-1842.2009.00848.x · Cited by 10,817
Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation: A 35-year odyssey.
Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2002) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.57.9.705 · Cited by 7,766
Michie, S., Richardson, M., Johnston, M., Abraham, C., Francis, J., Hardeman, W., Eccles, M. P., Cane, J., & Wood, C. E. (2013) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-013-9486-6 · Cited by 7,629
Health promotion from the perspective of Social Cognitive Theory
Bandura, A. (1998) · Psychology & Health · doi:10.1080/08870449808407422 · Cited by 3,087
Schwarzer, R. (2008) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00325.x · Cited by 2,569
Behavior: The Control of Perception
Kuhn, A., & Powers, W. T. (1975) · Contemporary Sociology · doi:10.2307/2063243 · Cited by 2,398
The disaggregation of within-person and between-person effects in longitudinal models of change
Curran, P. J., & Bauer, D. J. (2011) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100356 · Cited by 2,056
Social-cognitive predictors of health behavior: Action self-efficacy and coping self-efficacy.
Schwarzer, R., & Renner, B. (2000) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.19.5.487 · Cited by 883
Samdal, G. B., Eide, G. E., Barth, T., Williams, G., & Meland, E. (2017) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0494-y · Cited by 788
Williams, S. L., & French, D. P. (2011) · Health Education Research · doi:10.1093/her/cyr005 · Cited by 690
Shilts, M. K., Horowitz, M., & Townsend, M. S. (2004) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.4278/0890-1171-19.2.81 · Cited by 378
Rothman, A. J. (2004) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-1-11 · Cited by 322
Self-efficacy and resource allocation: Support for a nonmonotonic, discontinuous model.
Vancouver, J. B., More, K. M., & Yoder, R. J. (2008) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.93.1.35 · Cited by 234
Cited by
Changing Behavior Using the Model of Action Phases
Keller, L., Gollwitzer, P. M., & Sheeran, P. (2020) · The Handbook of Behavior Change · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.006 · Cited by 147
How valid is bandura's social cognitive theory to explain physical activity behavior?
Egele, V. S., Klopp, E., & Stark, R. (2025) · European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education · doi:10.3390/ejihpe15020020 · Cited by 30
Teng, D., Zhou, X., Al‐Samarraie, H., & Fang, L. (2026) · Journal of Computer Assisted Learning · doi:10.1002/jcal.70176 · Cited by 10
Metadata
- Authors
- Beauchamp, M. R., Crawford, K. L., & Jackson, B.
- Venue
- Psychology of Sport and Exercise
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-05
- Volume
- 42
- Pages
- 110-117
- ISSN
- 1469-0292 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2901132890
- Cited by
- 312
- References
- 17
- FWCI
- 26.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.