Effects of maternal xenoestrogen exposure on development of the reproductive tract and mammary gland in female CD-1 mouse offspring
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of maternal exposure to xenoestrogen, at levels comparable to or greater than human exposure, on development of the reproductive tract and mammary glands in female CD-1 mouse offspring. Effects of genistein (GEN), resveratrol (RES), zearalenone (ZEA), bisphenol A (BPA) and diethylstilbestrol (DES) were examined. Beginning on gestational day 15, pregnant CD-1 mice were administered four daily subcutaneous injections with 0.5 or 10 mg/kg/day of GEN, RES, ZEA or BPA, 0.5 or 10 microg/kg/day of DES dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), or DMSO vehicle (n = 6). Vaginal opening was monitored, 6 animals per group were autopsied at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of age and estrous cyclicity was monitored from 9 to 11 weeks of age. Maternal exposure to xenoestrogen accelerated puberty onset (vaginal opening) and increased the length of the estrous cycle; mice treated with GEN, RES, BPA or DES spent more time in diestrus, and ZEA-treated mice spent more time in estrus. Lack of corpora lutea and vaginal cornification were observed at 4 weeks of age in the high-dose GEN (33%) and RES (17%) groups, and in the high- and low-dose BPA groups (33 and 50%, respectively) and DES groups (83 and 100%, respectively). Lack of corpora lutea and vaginal cornification was observed in the high-dose ZEA group at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of age (83, 100, 83 and 33%, respectively). Mammary gland differentiation was accelerated in ZEA- and BPA-treated mice with c…
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Prenatal DES or neonatal estradiol benzoate treatment can produce increased body weight in female rats and mice.
“Further, prenatal DES or neonatal estradiol benzoate treatment can produce increased body weight in female rats and mice (Donohoe and Stevens, 1983;Nikaido et al., 2004).”
From Developmental Treatment with Ethinyl Estradiol, but Not Bisphenol A, Causes Alterations in Sexually Dimorphic Behaviors in Male and Female Sprague Dawley Rats (2014) · cites this paper as Nikaido et al., 2004
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“Further, prenatal DES or neonatal estradiol benzoate treatment can produce increased body weight in female rats and mice (Donohoe and Stevens, 1983; Nikaido et al., 2004).”
Background
- Authors
- Nikaido, Y., Yoshizawa, K., Danbara, N., Tsujita-Kyutoku, M., Yuri, T., Uehara, N., & Tsubura, A.
- Affiliations
- Kansai Medical University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Tsubura, Airo
- Venue
- Reproductive Toxicology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-08
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 803-811
- ISSN
- 0890-6238 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2027533003
- Cited by
- 251
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 9.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Reproductive Toxicology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Phytoestrogen effects and research
- Keywords
- xenoestrogens, maternal exposure, reproductive tract development, mammary gland development, puberty onset, estrous cycle, corpus luteum, vaginal cornification, genistein, resveratrol, zearalenone, bisphenol A, diethylstilbestrol, ICR mice, endocrine disruptors, developmental toxicity
- MeSH terms
- Resveratrol, Bisphenol A Compounds, Animals, Benzhydryl Compounds, Corpus Luteum, Diethylstilbestrol, Estrogens, Non-Steroidal, Female, Genitalia, Female, Injections, Subcutaneous, Mammary Glands, Animal, Mice, Inbred ICR, Phenols, Pregnancy, Stilbenes, Vagina, Zearalenone, Xenobiotics, Weight Gain, Genistein, Estrous Cycle, Estrogen Receptor alpha, Mice
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