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Sustainable use of Hermetia illucens insect biomass for feed and food: Attributional and consequential life cycle assessment

Open access
Smetana, Sergiy, Schmitt, Eric, Mathys, Alexander·2019·Resources, Conservation and Recycling

Abstract

The lack of protein sources in several parts of the world is triggering the search for locally produced and sustainable alternatives. Insect production is recognized as a potential solution. This study is a life cycle assessment (LCA) of food industry side streams transformation via Hermetia illucens into intermediate products applicable for feed and food purposes. It relies on attributional modelling for the estimation of the most impacting stages of insect production and on consequential modelling for the estimation of potential benefits or risks for the agri-food system. The consequential LCA included effects on the market, associated with upstream increase in feed (increase in commercial feed production) or downstream availability of insect product (substitution of fertilizer, protein concentrate for feed or chicken meat). Attributional and consequential LCAs are followed by sensitivity analyses, which identify the most promising directions towards sustainable insect production and estimate the magnitude of impact reductions if those directions are pursued by the industry. Analyses of the existing pilot process largely correspond with other findings in the literature, indicating fresh insect biomass is almost twice more sustainable than fresh chicken meat. Produced at pilot scale, protein concentrate (insect meal) while being competitive against animal-derived (whey, egg protein, fishmeal) and microalgae, has higher environmental impacts than plant-based meals. Further scenarios illustrate strategies for more sustainable use of environmental resources providing guidance for producers and funding agencies to direct the industry to an impact profile that is lower, than many existing protein sources.

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Metadata

Authors
Smetana, S., Schmitt, E., & Mathys, A.
Venue
Resources, Conservation and Recycling
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2019-05
Volume
144
Pages
285-296
ISSN
0921-3449 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2912794268
Cited by
424
References
5
FWCI
33.44
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Sustainable use of Hermetia illucens insect biomass for feed and food: Attributional and consequential life cycle assessment. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.01.042
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Smetana, S., Schmitt, E., & Mathys, A. (2019). Sustainable use of Hermetia illucens insect biomass for feed and food: Attributional and consequential life cycle assessment. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.01.042

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