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Biomass pyrolysis for biochar production: Study of kinetics parameters and effect of temperature on biochar yield and its physicochemical properties
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This study investigates the pyrolysis kinetics behaviour and temperature effects on biochar yield and properties during pyrolysis. The kinetic study of biomass was performed using a thermogravimetric analyser at dynamic heating rates (10, 30, and 50 °C min −1 ) in an inert atmosphere. The kinetic parameters were estimated using Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), Distributed Activation Energy Model (DAEM), and Vyazovkin model (VZ). The pyrolysis experiment was performed in a stainless steel semi-batch reactor at 400, 600, and 900 °C, 10 o C min -1 heating rate, 45 min holding time and 100 mL min −1 nitrogen gas flow rate. The produced biochar was characterised using proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, heating value, bulk density, BET surface area analyser, TGA, FTIR, and FE-SEM analysis. The physicochemical results support the candidacy of biomass for biochar and fuel production. Further, the kinetic analysis of MWS using KAS, DAEM, and VZ was found to be 233.39, 238.11, and 224.74 kJ mol −1 , respectively. The experimental results reveal that higher temperatures (600 and 900 °C) generally reduce biochar yield (19 %) due to increased devolatilization but enhance the biochar's surface area (17 %) and carbon content (4.84 %). The characterisation results of biochar confirmed higher carbon content (76.02 wt. %), HHV (36.97 MJ kg −1 ), and significant oxygen content (22.01 %) at 900 °C. Also, the thermal profile and surface morphology of the biochar suggest that biochar derived at…
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“due to decomposition of moisture, combustible volatiles, and concentration of carbonrich, dense compact structures [78].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Rambhatla, N., Panicker, T. F., Mishra, R. K., Manjeshwar, S. K., & Sharma, A.
- Affiliations
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (IN)
- Manipal University Jaipur (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Mishra, Ranjeet Kumar
- Venue
- Results in Engineering
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2025-03
- Volume
- 25
- Pages
- 103679
- ISSN
- 2590-1230 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4405135050
- Cited by
- 133
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 73 · 2025: 60
- FWCI
- 14.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Results in Engineering (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Petronas
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Fuel Technology › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Thermal and Kinetic Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies
- Keywords
- biomass pyrolysis, biochar, pyrolysis kinetics, pyrolysis temperature, biochar yield, physicochemical properties, activation energy, devolatilization, surface area, carbon content, calorific value, soil amendment, fertilizers
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