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Social functioning in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis
Open accessAbstract
Poor social functioning is a hallmark of schizophrenia. The purpose of this study was to examine social functioning in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis. Social functioning was assessed in a sample of 86 clinical high risk (CHR) individuals and compared to that of 50 first-episode of psychosis (FE) subjects, 53 multi-episode schizophrenia subjects (ME) and 55 non-psychiatric controls (NPC). Subjects were assessed on the Social Functioning Scale (SFS), the Role Functioning subscale of the Quality of Life Scale (QLS-role), and the premorbid functioning scale. On the SFS, the CHR group did not differ significantly from the FE and ME groups and all were impaired relative to the NPCs. On QLS-role, the CHR group performed significantly better than the ME patients and significantly worse than NPCs. CHR subjects did not differ from patients in terms of premorbid functioning. This study demonstrates that even at the pre-psychotic phase of the illness, these young people are demonstrating significant deficits in social functioning, supporting that social deficits are present long before the onset of psychotic symptoms.
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“A significant decline in social functioning has been found across all stages of psychosis, from clinical high risk (CHR), and first episode of psychosis (FEP) to chronic schizophrenia (SZ) (Abel and Minor 2021; Addington et al. 2008; Raghavan et al. 2017)”
From Social Functioning Interventions in Psychosis: A Systematic Review. (2025) · cites this paper as Addington et al. 2008
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“A decline in social functioning is a hallmark of psychosis and often emerges before illness onset and typically develops into long‐standing difficulties (Addington et al. 2008; Carrión et al. 2013; Robinson et al. 2004).”
From Social Functioning Interventions in Psychosis: A Systematic Review. (2025) · cites this paper as Addington et al. 2008
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Ortega, L., Montalvo, I., Monseny, R., Vilella, E., & Labad, J. (2019) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.12791 · Cited by 22
“However, although lower QoL (Bechdolf et al., 2005; Hui et al., 2013; Ruhrmann et al., 2008), increased social dysfunction (Addington et al., 2008) and higher perceived stress have Abbreviations: EQ-5D-HP, Euro Quality of Life-5 dimensions health profile; EQ-5D-VAS, Euro Quality of Life-5…”
BackgroundAdvances in clinical staging, early intervention, and the prevention of psychosis
Gupta, T., & Mittal, V. A. (2019) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.20346.1 · Cited by 22
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BackgroundIdentifying and Treating the Prodromal Phases of Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia
Conroy, S. K., Francis, M., & Hulvershorn, L. A. (2018) · Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s40501-018-0138-0 · Cited by 21
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BackgroundInfluentialA Mentalization-Informed Staging Approach to Clinical High Risk for Psychosis
Armando, M., Hutsebaut, J., & Debbané, M. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00385 · Cited by 23
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“None of the above-mentioned studies (18-21) included a healthy control group when investigating UHR individuals’ premorbid adjustment difficulties.”
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Functional Capacity Assessed by the Map Task in Individuals at Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis
McLaughlin, D., Carrión, R. E., Auther, A. M., Olvet, D. M., Addington, J., Bearden, C. E., Cadenhead, K. S., Cannon, T. D., HEINSSEN, R. K., Mathalon, D. H., et al. (2016) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw039 · Cited by 19
Self-citationPredictors of remission from the ultra‐high risk state for psychosis
Glenthøj, L. B., Kristensen, T. D., Wenneberg, C., Hjorthøj, C. R., & Nordentoft, M. (2020) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.12917 · Cited by 21
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“, 2012b), and difficulties with interpersonal relationships are often observed in ARMS (Lencz et al., 2004; Addington et al., 2008; Yung et al., 2008; Velthorst et al., 2010).”
BackgroundGerritsen, C. J., Maheandiran, M., Lepock, J., Ahmed, S., Michael Kiang, A., Bagby, R. M., & Mizrahi, R. (2019) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.12843 · Cited by 18
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Using machine learning to predict mental healthcare consumption in non-affective psychosis
Kwakernaak, S., van Mens, K., Cahn, W., & Janssen, R. T. J. M. (2020) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2020.01.008 · Cited by 17
Goulding, S. M., Franz, L., Bergner, E. M., & Compton, M. T. (2010) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2009.12.018 · Cited by 17
“Five of the mean SFS subscale scores in the current sample were generally comparable to those from a study involving 50 first-episode patients in Canada (Addington et al., 2008).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialTraumatic brain injury in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis
Deighton, S., Buchy, L., Cadenhead, K. S., Cannon, T. D., Cornblatt, B. A., McGlashan, T. H., Perkins, D. O., Seidman, L. J., Tsuang, M. T., Walker, E. F., et al. (2016) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2016.04.041 · Cited by 17
“People at CHR of psychosis show poor social functioning (Addington et al., 2008) and also movement abnormalities (Callaway et al., 2014), and this could possibly contribute to the increased rate of TBIs and bullying in this population.”
Self-citationSocial cognition and the course of social functioning in first‐episode psychosis
Woolverton, C. B., Bell, E. K., Moe, A. M., Harrison‐Monroe, P., & Breitborde, N. J. K. (2017) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.12432 · Cited by 17
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Socioemotional mechanisms of loneliness in subclinical psychosis
Leathem, L. D., Currin, D. L., Montoya, A. K., & Karlsgodt, K. H. (2021) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2021.10.002 · Cited by 18
“Such deficits are evident in the clinical high risk (CHR) stage (Addington et al., 2008; Niendam et al., 2007) and in individuals experiencing psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), such as perceptual abnormalities and unusual beliefs (Pelletier et al.”
BackgroundSelf-Reported Psychotic Symptoms in the General Population: Correlates in an Iranian Urban Area
Sharifi, V., Bakhshaie, J., Hatmi, Z., Faghih-Nasiri, L., Sadeghianmehr, Z., Mirkia, S., Darbooy, S., Effatpanah, M., & Mirsharifa, S. M. (2012) · Psychopathology · doi:10.1159/000337749 · Cited by 16
Ahmed, S., Lepock, J. R., Mizrahi, R., Bagby, R. M., Gerritsen, C. J., Korostil, M., Light, G. A., & Michael Kiang, A. (2020) · Clinical EEG and Neuroscience · doi:10.1177/1550059420982706 · Cited by 16
Ising, H. K., Ruhrmann, S., Burger, N., Rietdijk, J., Dragt, S., Klaassen, R. M. C., van den Berg, D. P. G., Nieman, D. H., Boonstra, N., Linszen, D. H., et al. (2016) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291716000325 · Cited by 15
“…with findings showing that transition to first-episode psychosis is associated with reduced levels of social functioning (Yung et al. 2004, 2006; Addington et al. 2008; Cannon et al. 2008; Fusar-Poli et al. 2009, 2010; Riecher-Rössler et al. 2009; Velthorst et al. 2010; Ruhrmann et al. 2010b;…”
BackgroundKang, N., Park, T.-W., Yang, J.-C., Oh, K.-Y., Shim, S.-H., & Chung, Y. (2012) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2012.03.005 · Cited by 16
“, 2007), poor social functioning (Ballon et al., 2007; Addington et al., 2008), and neuropsychological abnormalities (Hambrecht et al.”
BackgroundCollip, D., Wigman, J. T. W., van Os, J., Oorschot, M., Jacobs, N., Derom, C. A., Thiery, E. W., Peeters, F. P. M. L., Wichers, M., & Myin‐Germeys, I. (2013) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12151 · Cited by 17
“Deviant social functioning has been reported in patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, in patients with a first psychotic episode and in individuals at ultra high risk (UHR) for psychosis (18).”
BackgroundD’Angelo, E. J., Morelli, N. M., Lincoln, S. H., Graber, K. M., Tembulkar, S. K., Gaudet, A., & Gonzalez–Heydrich, J. (2018) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2018.07.028 · Cited by 14
Pelletier‐Baldelli, A., Strauss, G. P., Kuhney, F. S., Chun, C. A., Gupta, T., Ellman, L. M., Schiffman, J. E., & Mittal, V. A. (2021) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.01.005 · Cited by 14
“Stress, anhedonia, and impaired social functioning are key markers of risk for the development of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia (Addington et al., 2008; Cornblatt et al., 2011; Piskulic et al., 2012; Walker et al., 2010; Walker et al., 2013; Zhang et al., 2019).”
BackgroundInfluentialMaladaptive personality traits in patients identified at lower-risk and higher-risk for psychosis
Drvaric, L., Bagby, R. M., Michael Kiang, A., & Mizrahi, R. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.004 · Cited by 13
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Neural structure and social dysfunction in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis
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“…social functioning may be an even more important factor to investigate in relation to GMV as it exists earlier than the onset of psychotic symptoms (Addington et al., 2008; Tarbox and Pogue-Geile, 2008; Cornblatt et al., 2012), persists as a problem in individuals who do not transition to…”
Social reward processing: A biomarker for predicting psychosis risk?
Pelletier‐Baldelli, A., Orr, J. M., Bernard, J. A., & Mittal, V. A. (2018) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2018.07.042 · Cited by 13
“, 2015), and evidence indicates that the decline in social functioning is already apparent during the CHR period (Addington et al., 2008; Ballon et al., 2007; Niendam et al., 2007).”
BackgroundMolteni, S., Filosi, E., Mensi, M. M., Spada, G., Zandrini, C., Ferro, F., Paoletti, M., Pichiecchio, A., Bonoldi, I., & Balottin, U. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00787 · Cited by 13
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Working With Asian American Youth at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis
Li, H., Friedman‐Yakoobian, M. S., Min, G., Gnong-Granato, A., & Seidman, L. J. (2013) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e3182948084 · Cited by 12
“However, as previously described, these individuals do experience significant difficulties that warrant treatment, even when their attenuated psychiatric symptoms remit (Addington et al., 2008).”
BackgroundPreventing Schizophrenia and Severe Mental Illness
DeVylder, J. (2015) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/1049731515622687 · Cited by 15
“, 2009; Palmier-Claus, Taylor, Gooding, Dunn, & Lewis, 2012), significant impairments in social and role function (Addington et al., 2008; Corcoran et al., 2011; Niendam et al., 2007), and high rates of co-occurring disorders (Addington, Cornblatt, et al.”
BackgroundPsychopathology and social functioning of 42 subjects from a Danish ultra high‐risk cohort
Madsen, H. K., Nordholm, D., Krakauer, K., Randers, L., & Nordentoft, M. (2017) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.12438 · Cited by 12
“Previously, UHR subjects are shown to have social deficits, impairment in functioning and psychiatric issues (Addington, Penn, Woods, Addington, & Perkins, 2008; Ballon, Kaur, Marks, & Cadenhead, 2007; Fusar-Poli et al., 2010; Fusar-Poli et al., 2015; Grano, Karjalainen, Suominen, & Roine, 2011;…”
Gleeson, J., Eleftheriadis, D., Santesteban‐Echarri, O., Koval, P., Bastian, B. B., Penn, D. L., Lim, M. H., Ryan, R. M., & Álvarez‐Jiménez, M. (2020) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.13049 · Cited by 11
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“patients with first-episode psychosis or multiepisode schizophrenia [49].”
BackgroundSaeri, A. K., Cruwys, T., Barlow, F. K., Stronge, S., & Sibley, C. G. (2017) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/kbwp9 · Cited by 12
Tognin, S., Vieira, S., Oliver, D., Cullen, A. E., Kempton, M. J., Fusar‐Poli, P., Mechelli, A., Dazzan, P., Merritt, K., Maat, A., et al. (2025) · Schizophrenia · doi:10.1038/s41537-025-00598-x · Cited by 11
“There is also a growing interest towards other outcomes, such as symptom severity 17 – 19 and socio-occupational functioning impairments 20 .”
Lepock, J. R., Ahmed, S., Mizrahi, R., Gerritsen, C. J., Maheandiran, M., Bagby, R. M., Korostil, M., & Michael Kiang, A. (2019) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.12911 · Cited by 11
Empathy and Its Relationship With Social Functioning in Individuals at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis
Kuis, D. J., van de Giessen, T., de Jong, S., Sportel, B. E., Boonstra, N., van Donkersgoed, R. J. M., Lysaker, P. H., Hasson‐Ohayon, I., & Pijnenborg, G. H. M. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.730092 · Cited by 14
“The poor functioning in the SSD group is in line with a large amount of research showing broad functioning problems (28–30), while relatively good social functioning in this specific UHR sample contrasts with previous studies showing impaired social functioning in the UHR phase (30, 35, 36).”
BackgroundResultMousa, A. A. A. N., Imam, S. A., & Sharaf, A. Y. (2011) · Cited by 11
Heins, M., Achterhof, R., Collip, D., Viechtbauer, W., Kirtley, O. J., Günther, N., van Os, J., FERON, F. J. M., & Myin‐Germeys, I. (2019) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.13069 · Cited by 10
“001) at baseline, and more delusions at follow-up (Χ(1, 1668) = 17.”
BackgroundInfluentialGlenthøj, L. B., Kristensen, T. D., Wenneberg, C., Hjorthøj, C. R., & Nordentoft, M. (2020) · Schizophrenia Bulletin Open · doi:10.1093/schizbullopen/sgaa027 · Cited by 12
“Supporting the existing literature on the persistence of substantial functional deficits in UHR individuals, 3–6, 29 we found that half or more of our UHR sample displayed poor social-and role functioning at 12-month 12-month follow-up follow-up ( 50%”
Social network size in adolescents at clinical high risk for psychosis
Ryan, P. C., Damme, K. S. F., Kuhney, F. S., & Mittal, V. A. (2022) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.13341 · Cited by 10
“Examining data from a single time point (Addington et al., 2008; Robustelli et al., 2017) limits insight into how networks change during a period marked by social development (Wrzus et al., 2013).”
BackgroundSocial Functioning Interventions in Psychosis: A Systematic Review.
Vinu, M., & Georgiades, A. (2025) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.70090 · Cited by 9
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Coulombe, V., Marroquín-Rivera, A., Monfared, S., Roussel, D.-A., Leboulleux, Q., Peralta, M. R., Gosselin, B. J., & Labonté, B. (2025) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-025-02126-y · Cited by 9
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“Functional deficits are a prominent feature of the CHR-P state, with individuals experiencing difficulties in interpersonal relationships and impairments in academic performance and/or occupational functioning (Addington et al., 2008; Fusar-Poli et al., 2013).”
BackgroundÜstün, G., & Küçük, L. (2019) · Perspectives In Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/ppc.12427 · Cited by 9
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“…in Toronto and Calgary of individuals who were determined to be at CHR. Sample-1 came from the Access, Detection and Psychological Treatment study (Addington et al., 2008, 2011), Sample-2 came from the Calgary North American Prodrome Longitudinal study (Addington, 2011) and Sample-3 came from the…”
BackgroundSelf-citationGranö, N., Kallionpää, S., Karjalainen, M., Edlund, V., Saari, E., Itkonen, A., Anto, J., & Roine, M. (2014) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.12118 · Cited by 8
“functioning and role functioning sub-scales compared with healthy controls.(9) Furthermore, Miller et al.”
ResultPatton, H. N., Cowan, H. R., & Mittal, V. A. (2021) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.13156 · Cited by 8
“In the CHR syndrome, social and role functioning impairments are strongly linked with overall quality of life (Addington et al., 2008), later functional outcomes (Carri on et al., 2013), and increased risk for conversion to psychosis (Cannon et al., 2008).”
BackgroundShrivastava, A., Johnston, M., Thakar, M., Stitt, L., & Shah, N. (2011) · Clinical Schizophrenia & Related Psychoses · doi:10.3371/csrp.5.2.6 · Cited by 8
Interpersonal problems in the prodromal state of schizophrenia: An exploratory study
Mondrup, L., & Rosenbaum, B. (2009) · Psychosis · doi:10.1080/17522430903288340 · Cited by 8
“Four other studies with some resemblance to ours have used other instruments to assess social functioning and to compare groups with increasing illness severity (Addington et al., 2008; Ballon et al., 2007; Pinkham et al., 2007; Shim et al., 2008).”
Prevention and Early Treatment
Klosterkötter, J., & Schultze‐Lutter, F. (2010) · International library of ethics, law, and the new medicine/The international library of ethics, law, and the new medicine · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-8721-8_16 · Cited by 8
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Granö, N., Karjalainen, M., Edlund, V., Saari, E., Itkonen, A., Anto, J., & Roine, M. (2013) · International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice · doi:10.3109/13651501.2013.784791 · Cited by 7
“Several studies have found that at-risk status for psychosis has been associated with decreased QoL (Svirskis et al. 2007; Raballo et al. 2011) and functioning ability (Svirskis et al. 2007; Addington et al. 2008).”
BackgroundAnxiety in youth at clinical high risk for psychosis: A case study and conceptual model
Baer, L. H., Shah, J. L., & Lepage, M. (2019) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2019.01.006 · Cited by 7
Kvig, E. I., Moe, C. F., Brinchmann, B., Larsen, T. K., & Sørgaard, K. W. (2017) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.12477 · Cited by 7
Strauss, G. P., Raugh, I. M., Luther, L., Walker, E. F., & Mittal, V. A. (2023) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbad096 · Cited by 6
Polygenic risk for schizophrenia predicting social trajectories in a general population sample
Saarinen, A. I. L., Hietala, J. A., Lyytikäinen, L., Mishra, B. H., Sormunen, E., Lavonius, V., Kähönen, M. A. P., Raitakari, O. T., Lehtimäki, T. J., & Keltikangas‐Järvinen, L. (2023) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329172300346x · Cited by 6
“Also, evidence in clinical high-risk samples has shown that social impairments are evident already before psychosis (Addington, Penn, Woods, Addington, & Perkins, 2008; Ballon, Kaur, Marks, & Cadenhead, 2007; Gayer-Anderson & Morgan, 2013) and increase risk for conversion to psychosis (Addington et…”
BackgroundNanfuka, E. K., Kafuko, A., Nakanjako, R., Ssenfuuma, J. T., & Mafigiri, D. K. (2024) · Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC) · doi:10.1177/23259582241298166 · Cited by 6
Bjørnestad, J. R., Tjora, T., Langeveld, J., Joa, I., Johannessen, J. O., Friedman‐Yakoobian, M. S., & Hegelstad, W. T. V. (2022) · Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/00332747.2021.2014383 · Cited by 7
“It is well known that diminished social functioning is associated both premorbidly with psychosis and with CHR-P (Addington et al., 2008; Monte et al., 2008; Rabinowitz et al., 2002; De Wit et al., 2014).”
BackgroundNejtek, V. A., Allison, N. N., & Hilburn, C. (2012) · Journal of Psychiatric Practice · doi:10.1097/01.pra.0000419817.83375.c6 · Cited by 6
Steenhuis, L. A., Pijnenborg, G. H. M., van Os, J., Aleman, A., Nauta, M. H., & Bartels‐Velthuis, A. A. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0213165 · Cited by 9
“As deficits in ToM may predict impaired social functioning [4] and poor social functioning may predict enhanced psychotic experiences [30], it is warranted to examine whether social functioning potentially (and partially) mediates the relationship between ToM and psychotic experiences.”
BackgroundRistanovic, I., Damme, K. S. F., DeVylder, J., Schiffman, J. E., & Mittal, V. A. (2021) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.13153 · Cited by 7
Efficacy of Social Skills Training for the Persons with Chronic Schizophrenia
Kumar, B., & Singh, A. R. (2015) · The Qualitative Report · doi:10.46743/2160-3715/2015.2143 · Cited by 6
An Ecological Systems Perspective on the Clinical High Risk State Preceding Schizophrenia Onset
DeVylder, J. (2012) · Social Work in Mental Health · doi:10.1080/15332985.2012.708018 · Cited by 6
Onwumere, J., Smith, B., & Kuipers, E. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470684214.ch9 · Cited by 7
Genetic underpinnings of sociability in the UK BiobankPreprint
Bralten, J., Klemann, C. J. H. M., Mota, N. R., Witte, W. D., Arango, C., Fabbri, C., Kas, M. J., van der Wee, N. J. A., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Serretti, A., et al. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/781195 · Cited by 6
Hall, L. M., Moussa‐Tooks, A. B., & Sheffield, J. M. (2023) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-023-02540-x · Cited by 6
“Social deficits are observed in individuals at a clinical high risk for psychosis and non-clinical individuals with PLEs or schizotypy traits [100–103].”
Piccolo, M. C. D., Valmaggia, L., Henderson, C., Spencer, T. J., Lewis, D., Fitzell, S., Edwards, S. A., Evans, C., & Tognin, S. (2023) · Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal · doi:10.1037/prj0000585 · Cited by 5
Hussain, S. (2020) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.91658 · Cited by 5
Lucarini, V., Kazès, M., Krebs, E., Morin, V., Godignon, M., de Gasquet, M., Ton, T., Féron, M., Tanguy, G., Lévi, A., et al. (2023) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.13427 · Cited by 5
“Researchers and clinicians working in the field of early intervention and psychosis prevention are increasingly aware of the importance of the evaluation of functional disability in at-risk individuals (Addington et al., 2008; Carri (cid:2) on et al., 2013; Romanowska et al., 2020).”
BackgroundAddington, J., & Lewis, S. W. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781444327298.ch6 · Cited by 4
Self-citationEarly versus late stage schizophrenia. What markers make the difference?
García-Álvarez, L., García‐Portilla, M. P., Caso, J. R., de la Fuente-Tomás, L., González-Blanco, L., Sáiz, P. A., Leza, J. C., & Bobes, J. (2018) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/15622975.2018.1511920 · Cited by 4
“Impaired functioning is common in individuals at different stages of psychotic disorder (Addington et al. 2008), and those deficits are often present long before the onset of the first psychotic episode (Addington and Addington 2005).”
BackgroundLeijdesdorff, S. M. J., Bakker, J. M., Lange, I., Michielse, S., Goossens, L., Klaassen, R. M. C., Popma, A., Schruers, K. R. J., Lieverse, R., Marcelis, M. C., et al. (2022) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152309 · Cited by 4
Spikol, A., & Murphy, J. (2019) · Clinical Schizophrenia & Related Psychoses · doi:10.3371/csrp.spjm.032819 · Cited by 5
Lincoln, S. H., Germine, L. T., Mair, P., & Hooker, C. I. (2020) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsaa047 · Cited by 4
Dekker, T. E. G., van der Heijden, H. S., Schirmbeck, F. N., van Amelsvoort, T., Bartels‐Velthuis, A. A., Simons, C. J. P., de Haan, L., & Vermeulen, J. M. (2021) · Schizophrenia Research Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.scog.2021.100206 · Cited by 4
“Poor social functioning is already of great concern in patients with a psychotic disorder (Addington et al., 2008), regardless of smoking.”
BackgroundStone, W. S., & Giuliano, A. (2013) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.32185 · Cited by 3
“…to those in the early stages of diagnosable illness [Lencz et al., 2004; Niendam et al., 2006; Ballon et al., 2007; Cornblatt et al., 2007; Addington et al., 2008; Yung et al., 2008; Fusar-Poli et al., 2009], lending credibility to the notion that much of the disability associated with…”
BackgroundThe role of vulnerability factors in individuals with an at-risk mental state of psychosis
Papmeyer, M., Würsch, I., Studerus, E., Stieglitz, R., & Riecher‐Rössler, A. (2016) · Neuropsychiatrie · doi:10.1007/s40211-016-0179-9 · Cited by 4
“Our finding that difficulties during school education or vocational training and during employment are more common in ARMS-NT, ARMS-T and FEP individuals as compared to HC subjects is well in line with previous studies [12-15].”
BackgroundResultThe dynamics of social activation and suspiciousness in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis
Steenhuis, L. A., Harms, T., Nauta, M. H., Bartels‐Velthuis, A. A., Albers, C. J., Aleman, A., Vos, M., Pijnenborg, G. H. M., van den Berg, D. P. G., Palstra, E. C., et al. (2023) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2023.10.012 · Cited by 3
“Social functioning is commonly impaired in individuals diagnosed with a psychotic disorder, both in early and more chronic phases (Addington et al., 2008; Couture et al., 2006).”
BackgroundFactors impacting intent to seek treatment within youth at clinical high risk for psychosis
Ho, G., Pratt, D. N., Bridgwater, M. A., Schiffman, J. E., Ellman, L. M., & Mittal, V. A. (2024) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2024.03.047 · Cited by 3
“Existing studies demonstrate that those at CHR have significant social and role functioning impairments (Addington et al., 2008; Carri ´ on et al., 2013; Hui et al., 2013), have high rates of psychiatric comorbidity including anxiety and depression (Fusar-Poli et al., 2014; Gran ¨ o et al., 2014a;…”
Ärmänen, A., Lahti‐Pulkkinen, M., Therman, S., Suvisaari, J., & Lindgren, M. (2017) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.12414 · Cited by 4
“Role functioning results are less conclusive: impairments have been found in CHR individuals (Addington et al., 2008), but it is not clear whether they predict psychosis.”
BackgroundKumar, V., Tikka, D. L., & Das, B. (2020) · Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour · doi:10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_6_20 · Cited by 3
Galbraith, N. D., Manktelow, K. I., Chen‐Wilson, J., Harris, R. A., & Nevill, A. M. (2014) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000000179 · Cited by 3
“Social functioning will also be entered as a mediator of the hallucinations→delusions relationship given its relationship with schizotypy in adolescence (Addington et al., 2008).”
BackgroundSozialpsychiatrie und Neurobiologie
Kawohl, W., Wyss, C., Roser, P., Brüne, M., Wulf Rössler, A., & Juckel, G. (2016) · Der Nervenarzt · doi:10.1007/s00115-016-0179-9 · Cited by 2
“Individuen, die klinisch ein hohes Risiko besitzen, eine Schizophrenie zu entwickeln, zeigen bereits soziale Defizite, lange bevor psychotische Symptome auftreten [4].”
BackgroundLanser, I., Browne, J., Pinkham, A. E., Harvey, P. D., Jarskog, L. F., & Penn, D. L. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.047 · Cited by 3
Self-citationCrouse, J. J., Ho, N., Scott, J. L., Martin, N. G., Couvy‐Duchesne, B., Hermens, D. F., Parker, R., Gillespie, N. A., Medland, S. E., & Hickie, I. B. (2021) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-021-01390-y · Cited by 3
Smith, E. S. J., Crawford, T. J., Thomas, M. R., & Reid, V. M. (2019) · Infant Behavior and Development · doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2019.101390 · Cited by 3
“, 2006) and are also observed in high-risk groups (Pinkham et al., 2007; Bediou et al., 2007; Addington et al., 2008); proposing deficits in facial emotion processing as a potential endophenotype (Gur et al.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Addington, J., Penn, D., Woods, S. W., Addington, D., & Perkins, D. O.
- Affiliations
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CA)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Yale University (US)
- University of Calgary (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Addington, Jean
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-02
- Volume
- 99
- Issue
- 1-3
- Pages
- 119-124
- ISSN
- 0920-9964 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2292799
- OpenAlex
- W2060028231
- Cited by
- 265
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 5.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- National Institute of Mental Health (U01MH066134, U01MH06634, U01MH066160, U01MH066069, U10MH066160, U01MH06634-02)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Keywords
- social functioning, clinical high risk for psychosis
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Child, Chronic Disease, Employment, Female, Humans, Male, Psychotic Disorders, Quality of Life, Risk Factors, Role, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Schizotypal Personality Disorder, Social Adjustment, Social Environment, Genetic Predisposition to Disease
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