The effect of atypical antipsychotics on pituitary gland volume in patients with first-episode psychosis: A longitudinal MRI study
Abstract
Background Pituitary volume is currently measured as a marker of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal hyperactivity in patients with psychosis despite suggestions of susceptibility to antipsychotics. Qualifying and quantifying the effect of atypical antipsychotics on the volume of the pituitary gland will determine whether this measure is valid as a future estimate of HPA-axis activation in psychotic populations. Aims To determine the qualitative and quantitative effect of atypical antipsychotic medications on pituitary gland volume in a first-episode psychosis population. Method Pituitary volume was measured from T1-weighted magnetic resonance images in a group of 43 first-episode psychosis patients, the majority of whom were neuroleptic-naïve, at baseline and after 3months of treatment, to determine whether change in pituitary volume was correlated with cumulative dose of atypical antipsychotic medication. Results There was no significant baseline difference in pituitary volume between subjects and controls, or between neuroleptic-naïve and neuroleptic-treated subjects. Over the follow-up period there was a negative correlation between percentage change in pituitary volume and cumulative 3-month dose of atypical antipsychotic (r=-0.37), i.e. volume increases were associated with lower doses and volume decreases with higher doses. Conclusions Atypical antipsychotic medications may reduce pituitary gland volume in a dose-dependent manner suggesting that atypical antipsychotic medication may support affected individuals to cope with stress associated with emerging psychotic disorders.
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In groups of psychotic patients, an inverse association has been reported between illness duration and pituitary volume, but inconsistent findings exist.
“In groups of psychotic patients, an inverse association has been reported between illness duration and pituitary volume [55,56] , but, again, inconsistent findings exist [57,58] .”
From The traumagenic neurodevelopmental model of psychosis revisited (2014) · cites this paper as [57]
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- Authors
- Nicolo, J.-P., Berger, G. E., Garner, B. A., Velakoulis, D., Markulev, C., Kerr, M., McGorry, P. D., Proffitt, T.-M., McConchie, M., Pantelis, C., & Wood, S. J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Wood, Stephen J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-01
- Volume
- 116
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 49-54
- ISSN
- 0920-9964 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1968789918
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- atypical antipsychotics, pituitary gland volume
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Analysis of Variance, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Pituitary Gland, Psychotic Disorders, Antipsychotic Agents, Young Adult
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