The DOI matches its Crossref record; 138 of the 138 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The global cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: Consistent over decades and around the world
Open accessAbstract
Objective Schizophrenia results in cognitive impairments as well as positive, negative, and disorganized symptomatology. The present study examines the extent to which these cognitive deficits are generalized across domains, potential moderator variables, and whether the pattern of cognitive findings reported in schizophrenia has remained consistent over time and across cultural and geographic variation.Method Relevant publications from 2006 to 2011 were identified through keyword searches in PubMed and an examination of reference lists. Studies were included if they (1) compared the cognitive performance of adult schizophrenia patients and healthy controls, (2) based schizophrenia diagnoses on contemporary diagnostic criteria, (3) reported information sufficient to permit effect size calculation, (4) were reported in English, and (5) reported data for neuropsychological tests falling into at least 3 distinct cognitive domains. A set of 100 non-overlapping studies was identified, and effect sizes (Hedge's g) were calculated for each cognitive variable.Results Consistent with earlier analyses, patients with schizophrenia scored significantly lower than controls across all cognitive tests and domains (grand mean effect size, g=-1.03). Patients showed somewhat larger impairments in the domains of processing speed (g=-1.25) and episodic memory (g=-1.23). Our results also showed few inconsistencies when grouped by geographic region.Conclusions The present study extends findings from 1980 to 2006 of a substantial, generalized cognitive impairment in schizophrenia, demonstrating that this finding has remained robust over time despite changes in assessment instruments and alterations in diagnostic criteria, and that it manifests similarly in different regions of the world despite linguistic and cultural differences.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“However, previous studies assessed either voluntary imitation [7][8][9][10][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] or automatic imitation of emotional stimuli 12,13,32,33 while not controlling for the cognitive, motoric, and/or emotional deficits associated with the disorder.”
From Enhanced Automatic Action Imitation and Intact Imitation-Inhibition in Schizophrenia (2019) · cites this paper as [32]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“voluntary tasks are (to varying degrees) taxing on a range of cognitive processes that are known to be impaired in schizophrenia, 32 but which are not specifically tied to imitation.”
From Enhanced Automatic Action Imitation and Intact Imitation-Inhibition in Schizophrenia (2019) · cites this paper as [32]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“However, previous studies assessed either voluntary imitation [7][8][9][10][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] or automatic imitation of emotional stimuli 12,13,32,33 while not controlling for the cognitive, motoric, and/or emotional deficits associated with the disorder.”
From Enhanced Automatic Action Imitation and Intact Imitation-Inhibition in Schizophrenia (2019) · cites this paper as [32]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Indeed, overimitation is sometimes seen in schizophrenia in the form of symptoms like echolalia or echopraxia.31,32”
From Enhanced Automatic Action Imitation and Intact Imitation-Inhibition in Schizophrenia (2019) · cites this paper as [32]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Wasserman, S. S., Hedges, L. V., & Olkin, I. (1988) · Journal of Educational Statistics · doi:10.2307/1164953 · Cited by 10,377
Frith, C., & Frith, U. (2005) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2005.08.041 · Cited by 3,561
Green, M. F., Kern, R. S., Braff, D. L., & Mintz, J. (2000) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033430 · Cited by 2,999
Neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia: A quantitative review of the evidence.
Heinrichs, R. W., & Zakzanis, K. K. (1998) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/0894-4105.12.3.426 · Cited by 2,798
Statistical Methods for Meta-Analysis
(1985) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2009-0-03396-0 · Cited by 2,570
The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, part 1: test selection, reliability, and validity
Nuechterlein, K. H., Green, M. F., Kern, R. S., Baade, L. E., Barch, D. M., Cohen, J. D., Essock, S., Fenton, W. S., Frese, F. J., Gold, J. M., et al. (2008) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07010042 · Cited by 2,342
Self-citationLongitudinal studies of cognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia: implications for MATRICS
Green, M. F., Kern, R. S., & Heaton, R. K. (2004) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2004.09.009 · Cited by 1,422
Memory Impairment in Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis
Aleman, A., Hijman, R., de Haan, E. H. F., & Kahn, R. S. (1999) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.156.9.1358 · Cited by 1,093
Espinosa, J. C. (2004) · Cited by 939
Dickinson, D., Ramsey, M. E., & Gold, J. M. (2007) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.64.5.532 · Cited by 863
Self-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–400 of 604
Vila‐Badia, R., Kaplan, M. I., Butjosa, A., Cacho, N. D., Serra‐Arumí, C., Colomer-Salvans, A., Esteban‐Sanjusto, M., Iglesias-González, M., Cuñat, O., Hoyo, B., et al. (2022) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2716 · Cited by 13
Lazaridi, M., Panagiotaropoulou, G., Covanis, P., Karantinos, T., Aggelopoulos, E., Klein, C., & Smyrnis, N. (2022) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbac033 · Cited by 11
Jantzi, C., Mengin, A. C., Serfaty, D., Bacon, É., Elowe, J., Séverac, F., Meyer, N., Berna, F. S., & Vidailhet, P. (2019) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-019-2341-y · Cited by 11
Gao, J., Xiu, M. H., Liu, D. Y., Wei, C. W., & Zhang, X. (2020) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.103248 · Cited by 10
Andrade‐González, N., Sarasa, M., García-López, A., Torres, I. L., Halverson, T. F., & Lahera, G. (2021) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-020-09863-x · Cited by 13
Khare, C., Mueser, K. T., & McGurk, S. R. (2022) · Schizophrenia Research Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.scog.2022.100255 · Cited by 10
BDNF and Cognitive Function in Chilean Schizophrenic Patients
Nieto, R. R., Hernán Silva, I., Armijo, A., Nachar, R., González, A., Castañeda, C. P., Montes, C., & Manuel Kukuljan, P. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms241310569 · Cited by 10
Grimstad, K., Sørensen, H., Vaskinn, A., Mohn, C., Olsen, S. H., Andreassen, O. A., Lagerberg, T. V., Melle, I., Øie, M. G., Ueland, T., et al. (2025) · Schizophrenia Research Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.scog.2025.100345 · Cited by 10
Haddad, C., Salameh, P., Sacre, H., Clément, J., & Calvet, B. (2021) · Schizophrenia Research Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.scog.2021.100199 · Cited by 10
Blackman, R. K., Dickinson, D., Eisenberg, D. P., Gregory, M. D., Apud, J. A., & Berman, K. F. (2021) · Schizophrenia Research Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.scog.2021.100223 · Cited by 12
Self-citationNeurocognitive profile of adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings
Vyas, N. S., Burke, L., Netherwood, S., Caviston, P., Simic, M., & Buchsbaum, M. S. (2022) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/15622975.2021.2023758 · Cited by 10
Romanowska, S., Best, M. W., Bowie, C. R., Depp, C. A., Patterson, T. L., Penn, D. L., Pinkham, A. E., & Harvey, P. D. (2022) · Schizophrenia Research Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.scog.2022.100254 · Cited by 10
Nilsson, B. M., Holm, G., & Ekselius, L. (2015) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/08039488.2015.1048720 · Cited by 10
Nonsocial cognitive underpinnings of theory of mind in schizophrenia
Sjølie, C., Meyn, E. K., Raudeberg, R., Andreassen, O. A., & Vaskinn, A. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113055 · Cited by 12
Arafuka, S., Fujishiro, H., Torii, Y., Sekiguchi, H., Habuchi, C., Miwa, A., Yoshida, M., Iritani, S., Iwasaki, Y., Ikeda, M., et al. (2023) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/pcn.13597 · Cited by 10
Tang, E., Chen, N., Liu, Y., Liu, Y., Ding, H., & Chen, H. (2025) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.03.030 · Cited by 9
Wright, A. C., Browne, J., Cather, C., Pratt, S. I., Bartels, S. J., & Mueser, K. T. (2020) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-020-10171-8 · Cited by 10
Sousa, A. E., Mahdid, Y., Brodeur, M. B., & Lepage, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.612681 · Cited by 9
Oculomotor inhibition and location priming in schizophrenia.
Bansal, S., Gaspelin, N., Robinson, B. M., Hahn, B., Luck, S. J., & Gold, J. M. (2021) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000683 · Cited by 9
Lennertz, L., der Heiden, W. A., Kronacher, R., Schulze‐Rauschenbach, S., Maier, W., Häfner, H., & Wagner, M. (2015) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-015-0625-x · Cited by 9
Bredemeier, K., Beck, A. T., & Grant, P. M. (2017) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702617734019 · Cited by 9
Vidarsdottir, O. G., Twamley, E. W., Roberts, D. L., Guðmundsdóttir, B., Sigurðsson, E., & Magnúsdóttir, B. B. (2019) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.12549 · Cited by 9
Knytl, P., Voráčková, V., Dorazilová, A., Rodríguez, M., Cvrčková, A., Kofroňová, E., Kuchař, M., Kratochvílová, Z., Šustová, P., Čerešňáková, S., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00390 · Cited by 9
Peitl, V., Badžim, V. A., Markoš, I. Š., Rendulić, A., Matešić, K., & Karlović, D. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0000000000001477 · Cited by 9
Jiménez‐López, E., Villanueva-Romero, C. M., Sánchez‐Morla, E. M., Martínez‐Vizcaíno, V., Ortiz, M., Rodríguez–Jiménez, R., Vieta, E., & Santos, J. L. (2022) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2021.12.038 · Cited by 9
Aberrant memory and delusional ideation: A pernicious partnership?
Koller, W. N., & Cannon, T. D. (2022) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102231 · Cited by 9
Felgel-Farnholz, V., Hlusicka, E. B., Edemann-Callesen, H., Garthe, A., Winter, C., & Hadar, R. (2022) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114276 · Cited by 9
Gold, J. M., Corlett, P. R., Erickson, M. A., Waltz, J. A., August, S. M., Dutterer, J., & Bansal, S. (2023) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbad083 · Cited by 11
Uppinkudru, C., Gopalakrishnan, R. M., Noel, J., & Kuruvilla, A. (2023) · Indian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_102_23 · Cited by 9
Birnbaum, R., & Weinberger, D. R. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0000000000001215 · Cited by 9
Self-citationMewton, P., Dawel, A., Miller, E. J., Shou, Y., & Christensen, B. K. (2024) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbae130 · Cited by 8
Raudeberg, R., Iverson, G. L., & Hammar, Å. (2019) · Applied Neuropsychology Adult · doi:10.1080/23279095.2019.1699098 · Cited by 8
Pharmacokinetics of ASP4345 from Single Ascending-Dose and Multiple Ascending-Dose Phase I Studies
Desai, A. V., Benner, L., Wu, R., Gertsik, L., Uz, T., Marek, G. J., & Zhu, T. (2020) · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.1007/s40262-020-00911-0 · Cited by 8
Autobiographical memory impairment in chronic schizophrenia: Significance and clinical correlates
Herold, C. J., Lässer, M. M., & Schröder, J. (2022) · Journal of Neuropsychology · doi:10.1111/jnp.12288 · Cited by 8
Weibell, M. A., Johannessen, J. O., Auestad, B., Bramness, J. G., Brønnick, K., Haahr, U., Joa, I., Larsen, T. K., Melle, I. S., Opjordsmoen, S., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00495 · Cited by 8
Shi, L., Zhou, H., Shen, Y., Wang, Y., Fang, Y., He, Y., Ou, J., Luo, X., Cheung, E. F. C., & Chan, R. C. K. (2019) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.2231 · Cited by 11
Long-term treatment with clozapine and verbal memory performance in schizophrenia
Czepielewski, L. S., Londero, M. D. B., Hasse-Sousa, M., Petry-Perin, C., Maldonado, H. C., Claudino, F. C. D. A., & Gama, C. S. (2018) · Schizophrenia Research Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.scog.2018.02.002 · Cited by 8
Zeroing In on Early Cognitive Development in Schizophrenia
Dickinson, D. (2014) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.13101303 · Cited by 9
Self-citationNovel pharmaceutical treatment approaches for schizophrenia: a systematic literature review
Jarab, A. S., Al-Qerem, W. A., Khdour, A., Awadallah, H. B., Mimi, Y., & Khdour, M. R. (2025) · European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00228-025-03809-7 · Cited by 7
Randers, L., Fagerlund, B., Jepsen, J. R. M., Nordholm, D., Krakauer, K., Hjorthøj, C. R., Glenthoj, B. Y., & Nordentoft, M. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113498 · Cited by 8
Santarriaga, S., Gerlovin, K., Layadi, Y., & Karmacharya, R. (2023) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2023.02.029 · Cited by 7
Time perspective and working memory impairments among persons diagnosed with schizophrenia
Styła, R., & Zajenkowski, M. (2023) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2023.112215 · Cited by 7
Filip, T. F., Hellemann, G., Ventura, J., Subotnik, K. L., Green, M. F., Nuechterlein, K. H., & McCleery, A. (2024) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2024.06.021 · Cited by 7
Impulsivity and inhibitory control in deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia
Bielecki, M., Tyburski, E. M., Plichta, P., Samochowiec, J., Kucharska–Mazur, J., Podwalski, P., Rek-Owodziń, K., Waszczuk, K., Sagan, L. M., Michalczyk, A., et al. (2024) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-024-05918-6 · Cited by 7
Tyburski, E. M., Zawadzka, E., Bober, A., Karabanowicz, E., Podwalski, P., Samochowiec, J., Michalczyk, A., Sagan, L. M., Jansari, A. S., Mueller, S. T., et al. (2025) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-025-06597-7 · Cited by 7
Fenner, E., Holmans, P., O’Donovan, M. C., Owen, M. J., Walters, J., & Rees, E. (2026) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-026-03601-8 · Cited by 7
Resilience Improves Neurocognition and Treatment Outcomes in Schizophrenia: A Hypothesis
Shrivastava, A., Sousa, A. D., Sonavane, S., & Shah, N. (2016) · Open Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.4236/ojpsych.2016.62021 · Cited by 7
Calabrò, M., Porcelli, S., Crisafulli, C., Wang, S., Lee, S.-J., Han, C., Patkar, A. A., Masand, P. S., Albani, D., Raimondi, I., et al. (2017) · Journal of Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s12031-017-1002-1 · Cited by 7
Visual exploration differences during relational memory encoding in early psychosis
Suh, D. Y., Vandekar, S., Heckers, S., & Avery, S. N. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112910 · Cited by 7
The normative data study of the Czech MATRICS consensus cognitive battery
Havlík, F., Michalec, J., Kališová, L., Děchtěrenko, F., Chlebovcová, M., Vaškovičová, M., & Bezdíček, O. (2021) · The Clinical Neuropsychologist · doi:10.1080/13854046.2021.1962410 · Cited by 7
Rudolph, A., Liepelt, R., Kaffes, M., Hofmann-Shen, C., Montag, C., & Neuhaus, A. H. (2022) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2021.12.024 · Cited by 7
Arnautovska, U., Vitangcol, K. J., Kesby, J. P., Warren, N., Rossell, S. L., Neill, E., Harris, A. W. F., Galletly, C. A., Castle, D. J., & Siskind, D. J. (2023) · Schizophrenia Research Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.scog.2023.100283 · Cited by 7
Douet, V., Chang, L., Lee, K., & Ernst, T. M. (2015) · Brain Imaging and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11682-015-9363-y · Cited by 8
Yang, L. H., Ruiz, B., Mandavia, A. D., Grivel, M. M., Wong, L. Y., Phillips, M. R., Keshavan, M. S., Li, H., Lieberman, J. A., Susser, E., et al. (2020) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2020.01.026 · Cited by 7
Zhuo, C., Tian, H., Chen, J., Li, Q., Yang, L., Zhang, Q., Chen, G., Cheng, L., Zhou, C., & Song, X. (2022) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2022.880027 · Cited by 7
Caldiroli, A., Serati, M., Orsenigo, G., Caletti, E., & Buoli, M. (2018) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 7
Cowman, M., Hodgekins, J., Griffiths, S. L., Frawley, E., O’Connor, K., Fowler, D. G., Birchwood, M. J., & Donohoe, G. J. (2025) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.2025.3 · Cited by 6
Do Cognitive Functions Belong in the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology Model? A Meta-Analysis
Ringwald, W. R., Amitai Abramovitch, A., van Rentergem, J. A. A., & Kotov, R. (2025) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/17456916251347926 · Cited by 6
Bogers, J. P. A. M., Blömer, J. A., & de Haan, L. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13072112 · Cited by 6
Vidal, N., Roux, P., Urbach, M., Belmonte, C., Boyer, L., Capdevielle, D., Clauss, J. M. E., d’Amato, T., Dassing, R., Dubertret, C., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1403093 · Cited by 7
Gold, J. M., Bansal, S., Robinson, B. M., Anticevic, A., & Luck, S. J. (2024) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.09.008 · Cited by 6
Singh, A., Beniwal, R. P., Triptish Bhatia, A., & Deshpande, S. N. (2020) · General Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/gpsych-2020-100237 · Cited by 6
Lurasidone for the treatment of schizophrenia in adult and paediatric populations
Guilera, T., Chart‐Pascual, J. P., Blasco, M. D. C., Estopiñán, P. C., González, R. A. P., Martínez, I. R., Moyano, C. R., Pérez, R. P., Gabarda-Inat, I., Prados-Ojeda, J. L., et al. (2023) · Drugs in Context · doi:10.7573/dic.2022-10-1 · Cited by 6
Comparing a Computerized Digit Symbol Test to a Pen-and-Paper Classic
Pratt, D. N., Luther, L., Kinney, K. S., Osborne, K. J., Corlett, P. R., Powers, A. R., Woods, S. W., Gold, J. M., Schiffman, J. E., Ellman, L. M., et al. (2023) · Schizophrenia Bulletin Open · doi:10.1093/schizbullopen/sgad027 · Cited by 6
Briand, C., Sablier, J., Therrien, J.-A., Charbonneau, K., Pelletier, J., & Weiss‐Lambrou, R. (2015) · Neuropsychological Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09602011.2015.1106954 · Cited by 6
Mueser, K. T., McGurk, S. R., Xie, H., Bolton, E. E., Jankowski, M. K., Lu, W., Rosenberg, S. D., & Wolfe, R. S. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.10.016 · Cited by 6
Faiola, E., Meyhöfer, I., Steffens, M., Kasparbauer, A., Kumari, V., & Ettinger, U. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.10.033 · Cited by 7
Cognitive profiles of healthy siblings of first‐episode schizophrenia patients
Voráčková, V., Knytl, P., Španiel, F., Šustová, P., Renka, J., & Mohr, P. (2020) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.12982 · Cited by 6
Branjerdporn, G., Robertson, J., & Dymond, A. H. (2021) · International Journal of Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/inm.12958 · Cited by 6
Bänninger, A., Hernandez, L. D., Rieger, K., Ford, J. M., Kottlow, M., & Koenig, T. W. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00029 · Cited by 8
Nagendra, A., Mueser, K. T., & Cather, C. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-10239-4_23 · Cited by 6
Eliason, M. (2023) · Economics & Human Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ehb.2023.101231 · Cited by 6
Mothersill, D., Dillon, R., Hargreaves, A., Castorina, M., Furey, E., Fagan, A. J., Meaney, J. F., Fitzmaurice, B., Hallahan, B. P., McDonald, C., et al. (2018) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.13976 · Cited by 6
Neurocognitive and Perceptual Processing in Genetic Mouse Models of Schizophrenia: Emerging Lessons
Diamantopoulou, A., & Gogos, J. A. (2019) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/1073858418819435 · Cited by 6
Processing Speed Impairment in Schizophrenia
Pratt, D. N., Linares, N. N., Spencer, C., Olson, G. M., Maeve, H., Parmacek, S. N., Lee, L. E., Alliende, L. M., Zarubin, V. C., Dickinson, D., et al. (2025) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.3893 · Cited by 5
Self-citationVergallito, A., Gesi, C., & Torriero, S. (2024) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci14070683 · Cited by 6
Aguirre, J. M., Dellarossa, C. D., Barbagelata, D., Núñez, J. V., Mena, C., Tepper, Á., Ramírez-Mahaluf, J. P., Aceituno, D., Nachar, R., Undurraga, J. P., et al. (2025) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2025.01.017 · Cited by 5
Domingos, C., Więcławski, W., Frycz, S., Wójcik, M., Jáni, M., Dudzińska, O., Adamczyk, P., & Ros, T. (2025) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.70370 · Cited by 5
The Impact of Psychosis on Mental Health and Quality of Life of an Individual
Khanna, S. (2025) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.1009870 · Cited by 7
McGinty, E. E., Thompson, D., Murphy, K. A., Stuart, E. A., Wang, N., Dalcin, A., Mace, E., Gennusa, J. V., & Daumit, G. L. (2021) · Implementation Science Communications · doi:10.1186/s43058-021-00129-6 · Cited by 5
High-Density Lipoprotein Correlates with Cognitive Functioning in Schizophrenic Women
Staniek, M., Kapelski, P., Zakowicz, P. T., Rajewska‐Rager, A., Wasicka-Przewoźna, K., & Skibińska, M. (2024) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci14070699 · Cited by 5
Soler, M. J., Ruíz, J. C., Dasí, C., & Fuentes-Durá, I. (2015) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.01.016 · Cited by 5
Excessive Checking Behavior During an Image Comparison Task in Schizophrenia
Jaafari, N., Chopin, N., Levy, C., Rotgé, J., Lafay, N., Hammi, W., Rigalleau, F., Millet, B., Krebs, M., Vibert, N., et al. (2015) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.11.012 · Cited by 5
Moritz, S., Lüdtke, T., Pfuhl, G., Balzan, R. P., & Andreou, C. (2017) · Verhaltenstherapie · doi:10.1159/000464256 · Cited by 5
Enhancing Prediction of Psychosis Risk With Cognitive Measures
Gold, J. M., Millman, Z. B., & Dickinson, D. (2021) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.0847 · Cited by 5
Self-citationLim, J., Chong, H. J., & Kim, A. J. (2017) · Nordic Journal of Music Therapy · doi:10.1080/08098131.2017.1405999 · Cited by 5
Bänninger, A., Hernandez, L. D., Rieger, K., Ford, J. M., Kottlow, M., & Koenig, T. W. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00141 · Cited by 5
Frank, B. P., Theil, C. M., Brill, N., Christiansen, H., Schwenck, C., Kieser, M., Reck, C., Steinmayr, R., Wirthwein, L., & Otto, K. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.892174 · Cited by 6
Chan, S. K. W., Pang, T. S. W., Tsui, H. K. H., Suen, Y. N., Yan, W. C., Tsui, C. F., Poon, L. T., Chan, C. W. H., Lo, A., Cheung, K.-M., et al. (2024) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115985 · Cited by 4
Abnormalities in Attention and Working Memory in Schizophrenia: The Hyperfocusing Hypothesis
Gold, J. M., & Luck, S. J. (2024) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/09637214241286861 · Cited by 4
Social stress in schizophrenia: Unique contributions to social cognition and social functioning
Kemp, K. C., Tso, I. F., Taylor, S. F., & Moe, A. M. (2025) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2025.01.015 · Cited by 4
Lack of social interaction advantage: A domain-general cognitive alteration in schizophrenia
Tang, E., Li, J., Liu, H., Peng, C., Zhou, D., Hu, S., & Chen, H. (2025) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.04.030 · Cited by 4
Schöttner, M., Golay, P., Vieira, S., Alameda, L., Conus, P., Klauser, P., Jenni, R., Patel, J. H., Bolton, T. A. W., & Hagmann, P. (2025) · Schizophrenia · doi:10.1038/s41537-025-00641-x · Cited by 4
E-Cog: An online training platform for cognitive health interventions based on the ADDIE model
Sousa, A. E., Dakoure, C., Au‐Yeung, C., Lavigne, K. M., Raucher‐Chéné, D., Bowie, C. R., Moritz, S., Lepage, M., & Sauvé, G. (2025) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076251381249 · Cited by 4
Mobile cognitive remote assessment of schizophrenia: a global multi-site pilot study
Castillo, J., Cheong, J., Choudhary, S., Bondre, A. P., Rozatkar, A. R., Mehta, U. M., Shrivastava, R., Ahmad, M. A., Malviya, A., Sen, Y., et al. (2025) · Schizophrenia · doi:10.1038/s41537-025-00660-8 · Cited by 4
Isolating the Genetic Component of Mania in Bipolar Disorder
Merola, G. P., Zvrskovec, J., Wang, R., Li, Y. K., Castellini, G., Ricca, V., Coleman, J., Vassos, E., & Breen, G. D. (2026) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2025.11.008 · Cited by 5
Neurocognitive characteristics of psychotic symptoms in young adults with high functioning autism
Rinaldi, R., Jacquet, E., & Lefèbvre, L. (2015) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2015.06.008 · Cited by 5
Associations between symptom and neurocognitive dimensions in clinical high risk for psychosis
Aase, I., Langeveld, J., Joa, I., Johannessen, J. O., Dalen, I., & Hegelstad, W. T. V. (2022) · Schizophrenia Research Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.scog.2022.100260 · Cited by 5
Rouy, M., Pereira, M., Saliou, P., Sanchez, R., Mardi, W. E., Sebban, H., Baqué, E., Dezier, C., Porte, P., Micaux, J., et al. (2023) · Schizophrenia · doi:10.1038/s41537-023-00387-4 · Cited by 6
Saini, S. M., Bousman, C., Mancuso, S. G., Cropley, V., Rheenen, T. E. V., Lenroot, R., Bruggemann, J. M., Weickert, C. S., Weickert, T. W., Sundram, S., et al. (2023) · Schizophrenia · doi:10.1038/s41537-023-00381-w · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Schaefer, J., Giangrande, E., Weinberger, D. R., & Dickinson, D.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-10
- Volume
- 150
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 42-50
- ISSN
- 0920-9964 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4196267
- OpenAlex
- W2104347649
- Cited by
- 605
- References
- 138
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 53 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 61 · 2018: 52 · 2017: 60 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 50 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 5.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (Z99 MH999999)
- National Institute of Mental Health (ZIAMH002712)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, cognitive impairment
- MeSH terms
- Cognition Disorders, Humans, Neuropsychological Tests, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Databases, Bibliographic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
