The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, part 1: test selection, reliability, and validity
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The lack of an accepted standard for measuring cognitive change in schizophrenia has been a major obstacle to regulatory approval of cognition-enhancing treatments. A primary mandate of the National Institute of Mental Health's Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) initiative was to develop a consensus cognitive battery for clinical trials of cognition-enhancing treatments for schizophrenia through a broadly based scientific evaluation of measures. METHOD: The MATRICS Neurocognition Committee evaluated more than 90 tests in seven cognitive domains to identify the 36 most promising measures. A separate expert panel evaluated the degree to which each test met specific selection criteria. Twenty tests were selected as a beta battery. The beta battery was administered to 176 individuals with schizophrenia and readministered to 167 of them 4 weeks later so that the 20 tests could be compared directly. RESULTS: The expert panel ratings are presented for the initially selected 36 tests. For the beta battery tests, data on test-retest reliability, practice effects, relationships to functional status, practicality, and tolerability are presented. Based on these data, 10 tests were selected to represent seven cognitive domains in the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery. CONCLUSIONS: The structured consensus method was a feasible and fair mechanism for choosing candidate tests, and direct comparison of beta battery tests in a common sample allowed selection of a final consensus battery. The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery is expected to be the standard tool for assessing cognitive change in clinical trials of cognition-enhancing drugs for schizophrenia. It may also aid evaluation of cognitive remediation strategies.
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The MATRICS initiative created the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) for measuring cognitive treatment outcomes in schizophrenia.
“and created the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB)18,19 for measuring cognitive treatment outcomes in schizophrenia.”
From Clinical trials of potential cognitive-enhancing drugs in schizophrenia: what have we learned so far? (2013) · cites this paper as [18]
Ongoing add-on trials are more likely to use a widely accepted standardized cognitive battery (e.g., MCCB) than completed add-on trials.
“Compared with the completed-add-on trials, the ongoing add-on trials are longer, have larger sample sizes, and are more likely to use a widely accepted standardized cognitive battery (eg, MCCB18,19).”
From Clinical trials of potential cognitive-enhancing drugs in schizophrenia: what have we learned so far? (2013) · cites this paper as [18]
The MCCB has excellent reliability, minimal practice effects, and significant correlations with measures of functional capacity.
“It has been demonstrated that the MCCB18,19 has excellent reliability, minimal practice effects, and significant correlations with measures of functional capacity.”
From Clinical trials of potential cognitive-enhancing drugs in schizophrenia: what have we learned so far? (2013) · cites this paper as [18]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Nuechterlein, K. H., Green, M. F., Kern, R. S., Baade, L. E., Barch, D. M., Cohen, J. D., Essock, S., Fenton, W. S., Frese, F. J., Gold, J. M., Goldberg, T., Heaton, R. K., Keefe, R. S. E., Kraemer, H., Mesholam-Gately, R., Seidman, L. J., Stover, E., Weinberger, D. R., Young, A. S., Zalcman, S., & Marder, S. R.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2008-02
- Volume
- 165
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 203-213
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- OpenAlex
- W2165955750
- Cited by
- 2,342
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 116 · 2025: 146 · 2024: 170 · 2023: 146 · 2022: 162 · 2021: 161 · 2020: 176 · 2019: 176 · 2018: 157 · 2017: 151 · 2016: 128 · 2015: 132 · 2014: 132 · 2013: 110 · 2012: 77
- FWCI
- 46.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (n01mh022006-001)
- National Institute of Mental Health (N01MH22006)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
- Keywords
- MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, schizophrenia, cognitive function, cognitive remediation, test selection, test-retest reliability, practice effects, functional status, cognitive domain, clinical trial outcome measures
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Clinical Trials as Topic, Cognition, Cognition Disorders, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.), Neuropsychological Tests, Psychometrics, Psychotic Disorders, Psychotropic Drugs, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, United States, Drug Design, Reproducibility of Results, Advisory Committees
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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