Cited by 501Tryptophan and brain disordersSchizophrenia research and treatmentNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

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Cytokine function in medication-naive first episode psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Upthegrove, Rachel, Manzanares-Teson, Nuria, Barnes, Nicholas M.·2014·Schizophrenia Research

DOI 10.1016/j.schres.2014.03.005

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Abstract

This systematic review sets out to give a comprehensive overview of the cytokine profile at the onset of psychosis un-confounded by medication. We aim to provide insight into the early pathophysiological process of psychosis and areas for future research of potential biomarkers able to chart the extent of illness or effectiveness of treatment. Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic primary search identified 4638 citations, 4651 studies were retrieved and screened, and 23 studies met the inclusion criteria (published in English before June 2013, patients with neuroleptic naive first episode psychosis, and assessed circulating cytokines). These reported 570 patients, 683 healthy control subjects, and 20 cytokine/cytokine receptors. Papers that contained sufficient stratified data were included in a random-effects pooled effect size meta-analysis. Highly significant effect sizes were found for elevated IL-1β, sIL-2r, IL-6, and TNF-α. Non-significant effect size estimates were obtained for IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ. Thus, we found significant elevation in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum of patients with medication-naive first episode psychosis. This adds to the evidence of a pro-inflammatory immune deregulation in schizophrenia and suggests these cytokines should be the focus for further research in biomarkers of progress and extent of illness. Future studies should focus on the medication-naive group at the early stages of illness with numbers large enough to allow for the control of other potential confounding factors.

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Background
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“…altered in first-episode psychosis Mediator(s) First author, year Blood IL-1β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, CRP Pillinger, 2019 IL-1β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α Upthegrove, 2014 IL-1Rα, IL-1β, sIL-2R, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, TNF-α, TGF-β, IFN-γ Goldsmith, 2014 IL-23 Borovcanin, 2015 CSF IL-1β,…”
Result
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“…to healthy controls, including drug-naïve first-episode Neurosciences and Behaviour, Division of Psychiatry, Ribeir~ao Preto Medical ust 2021 ticle under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by- psychosis (FEP) patients (Pillinger et al., 2018; Upthegrove et al., 2014).”
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Background
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Background
Blood cell count in antipsychotic-naive patients with non-affective psychosis
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ResultInfluential
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BackgroundMethodSelf-citation
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Background
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BackgroundResult
Immune and metabolic alterations in first episode psychosis (FEP) patients
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Background
Higher Plasma S100B Concentrations in Schizophrenia Patients and Dependently Associated with Inflammatory Markers
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“Many of these alterations are evident already in first-episode psychosis (FEP) [1,10,11].”
Background
Blood biomarker discovery in drug-free schizophrenia: the contribution of proteomics and multiplex immunoassays
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Background
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“Increased proinflammatory cytokines are seen at early stages of the disease and in nonmedicated patients (Upthegrove et al., 2014; Fond et al., 2018) as is anti-inflammatory cytokine dysregulation (Witte et al., 2014; Roomruangwong et al., 2020).”
Background
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Self-citation
Changes in peripheral blood compounds following psychopharmacological treatment in drug-naïve first-episode patients with either schizophrenia or major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis
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BackgroundMethod
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Association of a functional Claudin-5 variant with schizophrenia in female patients with the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
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Changes in inflammation are related to depression and amount of aerobic exercise in first episode schizophrenia
Ventura, J., McEwen, S. C., Subotnik, K. L., Hellemann, G., Ghadiali, M., Rahimdel, A., Seo, M. J., Irwin, M. R., & Nuechterlein, K. H. (2020) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.12946 · Cited by 24
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Authors: Upthegrove, R., Manzanares-Teson, N., & Barnes, N. M.
Affiliations: Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
University of Birmingham (GB)
Corresponding author: Upthegrove, Rachel
ORCID: Upthegrove, Rachel
Barnes, Nicholas M.
Venue: Schizophrenia Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2014-05
Volume: 155
Issue: 1-3
Pages: 101-108
ISSN: 0920-9964 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.03.005
OpenAlex: W1969833165
Cited by: 501
References: 57
Citations by year: 2026: 29 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 52 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 7
FWCI: 3.13
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Schizophrenia Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords: first-episode psychosis, cytokines
MeSH terms: Humans, Psychotic Disorders, Antipsychotic Agents, Cytokines, Databases, Factual

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Cytokine function in medication-naive first episode psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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