Modeling the role of negative symptoms in determining social functioning in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis
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A priority for improving outcome in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) is enhancing our understanding of predictors of psychosis as well as psychosocial functioning. Social functioning, in particular, is a unique indicator of risk as well as an important outcome in itself. Negative symptoms are a significant determinant of social functioning in CHR individuals; yet, it is unclear which specific negative symptoms drive functional outcome and how these symptoms function relative to other predictors, such as neurocognition and mood/anxiety symptoms. In a sample of 85 CHR individuals, we examined whether a two-factor negative symptom structure that is found in schizophrenia (experiential vs expressive symptoms) would be replicated in a CHR sample; and tested the degree to which specific negative symptoms predict social functioning, relative to neurocognition and mood/anxiety symptoms, which are known to predict functioning. The two-factor negative symptom solution was replicated in this CHR sample. Negative symptom severity was found to be uniquely predictive of social functioning, above and beyond depression/anxiety and neurocognition. Experiential symptoms were more strongly associated with social functioning, relative to expression symptoms. In addition, experiential symptoms mediated the relationship between expressive negative symptoms and social functioning. These results suggest that experiences of motivational impairment are more important in determining social functioning, relative to affective flattening and alogia, in CHR individuals, thereby informing the development of more precise therapeutic targets. Developing novel interventions that stimulate goal-directed behavior and reinforce rewarding experiences in social contexts are recommended.
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Behavioural factors such as poor motivation, social relatedness and avoidance of goal-directed activity are associated with poor social functioning in psychosis.
“Behavioural factors included poor motivation (Chang et al. 2017; Moe et al. 2021), social relatedness (González‐Blanch et al. 2020) and avoidance of goal‐directed activity (Schlosser et al. 2015).”
From Social Functioning Interventions in Psychosis: A Systematic Review. (2025) · cites this paper as Schlosser et al. 2015
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Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia: Definition, Classification, and Course
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- Authors
- Schlosser, D. A., Campellone, T. R., Biagianti, B., Delucchi, K. L., Gard, D. E., Fulford, D., Stuart, B. K., Fisher, M., Loewy, R. L., & Vinogradov, S.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- San Francisco State University (US)
- Boston University (US)
- San Francisco VA Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Schlosser, Danielle A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-12
- Volume
- 169
- Issue
- 1-3
- Pages
- 204-208
- ISSN
- 0920-9964 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4681660
- OpenAlex
- W2188252993
- Cited by
- 95
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 6
- FWCI
- 8.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- NIMH (K23 MH097795-01, R34 MH100399, R01 01MH081051)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Keywords
- negative symptoms, social functioning
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Female, Humans, Male, Psychotic Disorders, Risk Factors, Social Adjustment, Social Behavior Disorders, Statistics as Topic, Young Adult, Prodromal Symptoms
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