Emotional Experience in Patients With Schizophrenia Revisited: Meta-analysis of Laboratory Studies
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Our understanding of the emotion deficits in schizophrenia is limited. Findings from studies employing trait emotion instruments suggest that patients have attenuated levels of positive emotion (ie, anhedonia) and increased levels of negative emotion. Conversely, patients and controls have not statistically differed in their subjective reactions to positive or negative valenced stimuli in most laboratory studies to date. Further obfuscating this issue is the fact that many of these laboratory studies are underpowered and a handful of emotion induction studies have found evidence of anhedonia. We conducted a meta-analysis of 26 published studies employing laboratory emotion induction procedures in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Patients did not differ from controls when strictly rating their subjective hedonic reactions to the stimuli. However, they reported experiencing relatively strong aversion to both positive and neutral stimuli (Hedges D = .72 and .64, respectively). These findings were not the result of demonstrable sample or methodological differences across studies. Patients' ability to experience hedonic emotion is preserved, although they also show relatively strong, simultaneously occurring aversive emotion when processing laboratory stimuli considered by others to be pleasant or neutral.
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Individuals with schizophrenia also report similar or heightened subjective emotional experience, including in response to movie clips, pictures, food, and odors.
“However, individuals with schizophrenia also report similar or heightened subjective emotional experience [392], including in response to movie clips [393], pictures [394], food [395], and even odors [396].”
From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [392]
Cohen and Minor (2010) reported that people with schizophrenia show more negative emotion than healthy controls in response to neutral or positive stimuli.
“Studies finding increased personal distress in schizophrenia align with a previous meta-analysis that found that people with schizophrenia experience heightened negative emotions compared to healthy controls when faced with neutral or even positive stimuli (Cohen and Minor, 2010).”
From Empathy in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (2017) · cites this paper as Cohen and Minor, 2010
The personal distress finding aligns with Cohen and Minor's (2010) meta-analysis, which found heightened aversive emotion in schizophrenia in response to positive or neutral lab stimuli.
“This aligns with findings from a meta-analysis of laboratory studies investigating emotional experience conducted by Cohen and Minor (2010) in which people with schizophrenia displayed heightened aversive emotion in response to positive or neutral lab-based stimuli as compared to healthy controls.”
From Empathy in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (2017) · cites this paper as Cohen and Minor (2010)
In schizophrenia, the ability to experience pleasure is generally intact, whereas the capacity to pursue and achieve a pleasurable goal (wanting) is significantly disrupted.
“However, recent studies using a range of pleasant stimuli, including positive words, faces, sounds, film clips, erotic pictures, and sweet drinks, have highlighted that the ability to experience pleasure is generally intact in individuals with schizophrenia, whereas the capacity to pursue and achieve a pleasurable goal (that is, the ‘wanting’ component of reward), is significantly disrupted [50].”
From Social “wanting” dysfunction in autism: neurobiological underpinnings and treatment implications (2012) · cites this paper as [50]
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- Authors
- Cohen, A. S., & Minor, K. S.
- Affiliations
- Louisiana State University (US)
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Bulletin
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2008-06-17
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 143-150
- ISSN
- 0586-7614 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-1701
- PMC
- PMC2800132
- OpenAlex
- W2114985586
- Cited by
- 541
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 54 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 34
- FWCI
- 2.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Civil War Book Review (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- schizophrenia
- MeSH terms
- Emotions, Female, Humans, Male, Reading, Reference Values, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Semantics, Social Behavior, Social Environment, Taste, Visual Perception
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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