Cited by 579Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental ImpactsUrban Stormwater Management SolutionsWater Quality and Pollution Assessment

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Urban contribution of pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants to streams during differing flow conditions

KOLPIN, D, SKOPEC, M, MEYER, M, FURLONG, E, ZAUGG, S·2004·Science of The Total Environment

DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.01.015

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Abstract

During 2001, 76 water samples were collected upstream and downstream of select towns and cities in Iowa during high-, normal- and low-flow conditions to determine the contribution of urban centers to concentrations of pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants (OWCs) in streams under varying flow conditions. The towns ranged in population from approximately 2000 to 200,000. Overall, one or more OWCs were detected in 98.7% of the samples collected, with 62 of the 105 compounds being found. The most frequently detected compounds were metolachlor (pesticide), cholesterol (plant and animal sterol), caffeine (stimulant), beta-sitosterol (plant sterol) and 1,7-dimethylxanthine (caffeine degradate). The number of OWCs detected decreased as streamflow increased from low- (51 compounds detected) to normal- (28) to high-flow (24) conditions. Antibiotics and other prescription drugs were only frequently detected during low-flow conditions. During low-flow conditions, 15 compounds (out of the 23) and ten compound groups (out of 11) detected in more than 10% of the streams sampled had significantly greater concentrations in samples collected downstream than in those collected upstream of the urban centers. Conversely, no significant differences in the concentrations were found during high-flow conditions. Thus, the urban contribution of OWCs to streams became progressively muted as streamflow increased.

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Authors: KOLPIN, D., SKOPEC, M., MEYER, M., FURLONG, E., & ZAUGG, S.
Affiliations: United States Geological Survey (US)
Iowa Geological Survey (US)
Corresponding author: KOLPIN, D
ORCID: KOLPIN, D
SKOPEC, M
MEYER, M
FURLONG, E
Venue: Science of The Total Environment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2004-07-26
Volume: 328
Issue: 1-3
Pages: 119-130
ISSN: 0048-9697 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.01.015
OpenAlex: W1980686360
Cited by: 579
References: 40
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 35
FWCI: 31.55
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: The Science of The Total Environment (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Geological Survey
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Urban Stormwater Management Solutions
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Water Quality and Pollution Assessment
Keywords: pharmaceuticals, urban rivers, urban runoff, metolachlor, cholesterol, β-sitosterol, caffeine, 1,7-dimethylxanthine, antibiotics, prescription drugs, Iowa streams
MeSH terms: Chromatography, Liquid, Cities, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Environmental Monitoring, Iowa, Mass Spectrometry, Waste Disposal, Fluid, Rivers

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Urban contribution of pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants to streams during differing flow conditions

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