Production of lipid-containing algal-bacterial polyculture in wastewater and biomethanation of lipid extracted residues: Enhancing methane yield through hydrothermal pretreatment and relieving solvent toxicity through co-digestion
Open accessAbstract
The feasibility of generating a lipid-containing algal-bacterial polyculture biomass in municipal primary wastewater and enhancing biomethanation of lipid-extracted algal residues (LEA) through hydrothermal pretreatment and co-digestion with sewage sludge (SS) was investigated. In high-rate algal ponds, the polyculture of native algal and bacteria species demonstrated a monthly average net and gross biomass productivity of 30 ± 3 and 36 ± 3 g AFDW m-2 day-1 (summer season). The algal community was dominated by Micractinium sp. followed by Scenedesmus sp., Chlorella sp., pennate diatoms and Chlamydomonas sp. The polyculture metabolic activities resulted in average reductions of wastewater volatile suspended solids (VSS), carbonaceous soluble biochemical oxygen demand (csBOD 5) and total nitrogen (N total) of 63 ± 18%, 98 ± 1% and 76 ± 21%, respectively. Harvested biomass contained nearly 23% lipid content and an extracted blend of fatty acid methyl esters satisfied the ASTM D6751 standard for biodiesel. Anaerobic digestion of lipid extracted algal residues (LEA) demonstrated long lag-phase in methane production of 17 days and ultimate methane yield of 296 ± 2 mL/gVS (or ~50% of theoretical), likely because to its limited biodegradability and toxicity due to presence of the residual solvent (hexane). Hydrothermal pretreatment increased the ultimate methane yield and production rate by 15-30% but did not mitigate solvent toxicity effects completely leading to less substantial improvement in energy output of 5-20% and diminished Net Energy Ratio (NER < 1). In contrast, co-digestion of LEA with sewage sludge (10% to 90% ratio) was found to minimize solvent toxicity and improve methane yield enhancing the energy output ~4-fold, compared to using LEA as a single substrate, and advancing NER to 4.2.
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Although methane production of the lipid-extracted biomass was low (296 ± 2 mL/gVS), the biomethane potential was maximized by hydrothermal liquefaction pretreatment and co-digestion with sewage sludge.
“Although methane production of the lipid-extracted biomass was low (296 ± 2 mL/gVS), the biomethane potential was maximized by hydrothermal liquefaction pretreatment (to increase biomass biodegradability) and co-digestion with sewage sludge (to reduce toxicity due to solvent residues).”
From Toward the Enhancement of Microalgal Metabolite Production through Microalgae–Bacteria Consortia (2021) · cites this paper as [118]
The harvested biomass contained around 23% lipid content, including fatty acid methyl esters optimal for biodiesel production.
“The harvested biomass contained around 23% lipid content, including fatty acid methyl esters optimal for biodiesel production.”
From Toward the Enhancement of Microalgal Metabolite Production through Microalgae–Bacteria Consortia (2021) · cites this paper as [118]
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A review on co-culturing of microalgae: a greener strategy towards sustainable biofuels production
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- Authors
- Bohutskyi, P., Phan, D., Spierling, R. E., Kopachevsky, A. M., Bouwer, E. J., Lundquist, T. J., & Betenbaugh, M. J.
- Affiliations
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- California Polytechnic State University (US)
- V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University (UA)
- Corresponding author
- Bohutskyi, Pavlo
- Venue
- Science of The Total Environment
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-02
- Volume
- 653
- Pages
- 1377-1394
- ISSN
- 0048-9697 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2899970160
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 3.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- The Science of The Total Environment (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- DOE (DE-AC05-76L01830, DE-EE0005994)
- Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
- CEC (ARV-10-027)
- CBET (1236691)
- U.S. EPA (SU835717)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
- Keywords
- lipid extraction, biodiesel feedstock, municipal wastewater treatment, hydrothermal pretreatment, anaerobic digestion, co-digestion, sewage sludge, methane yield, fatty acid methyl esters, net energy ratio, high rate algal ponds, algal community composition, nitrogen removal
- MeSH terms
- Chlorophyta, Bacteria, Kinetics, Lipids, Methane, Sewage, Solvents, Biomass, Coculture Techniques, Wastewater
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