Assessing the Potentials of Digitalization as a Tool for Climate Change Adaptation and Sustainable Development in Urban Centres

Balogun, Abdul-Lateef; Marks, Danny; Sharma, Richa; Shekhar, Himanshu; Balmes, Chiden; Maheng, Dikman; Arshad, Adnan; Salehi, Pourya

doi:10.1016/j.scs.2019.101888

Cited by 455Smart Cities and TechnologiesClimate Change and Sustainable DevelopmentSustainability and Climate Change Governance

Assessing the Potentials of Digitalization as a Tool for Climate Change Adaptation and Sustainable Development in Urban Centres

Balogun, Abdul-Lateef, Marks, Danny, Sharma, Richa, Shekhar, Himanshu, Balmes, Chiden, Maheng, Dikman, Arshad, Adnan, Salehi, Pourya·2020·Sustainable Cities and Society

DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2019.101888

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.scs.2019.101888

Cites

72 of 72 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The digitalized transformation triggered by COVID-19 significantly contributed to climate actions.
“The digitalized transformation triggered by COVID-19 significantly contributed to climate actions [158,159].”
From Smarter eco-cities and their leading-edge artificial intelligence of things solutions for environmental sustainability: A comprehensive systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [158]
Care was taken to select reliable sources for the research data.
“Care was taken to select reliable sources for the research data since top quality resources are essential requirements for a good literature search (Balogun et al., 2020).”
From Deploying artificial intelligence for climate change adaptation (2022) · cites this paper as Balogun et al., 2020
The prevalence of DTs (e.g., big data analytics) in all continents enhances urban resilience.
“Balogun et al. (2020) reported the prevalence of DTs (e.g., big data analytics) in all continents to enhance urban resilience.”
From Deploying artificial intelligence for climate change adaptation (2022) · cites this paper as Balogun et al. (2020)
Digital data on local climate projections and weather forecasts to support optimal farming practices in Africa is scarce.
“Moreover, digital data on local climate projections and weather forecasts to support optimal farming practices in the region is scarce (Balogun et al., 2020), aligning with the findings of this study.”
From Deploying artificial intelligence for climate change adaptation (2022) · cites this paper as Balogun et al. (2020)

Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
Desa, U. (2018) · Springer Publishing Company eBooks · doi:10.1891/9780826190123.ap02 · Cited by 19,434 · see citing works
Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation: Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(2012) · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139177245 · Cited by 7,236 · see citing works
Climate Change 2001: Synthesis Report: A contribution of Working Groups I, II, and III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Watson, R., Albritton, D. L., Barker, T., Baskmakov, I., Canziani, O. F., Christ, R., Ulrich Cubasch, B., Davidson, O., Gitay, H., Griggs, D., et al. (2001) · Cited by 3,473 · see citing works
Global flood risk under climate change
Hirabayashi, Y., Roobavannan, M., Koirala, S., Konoshima, L., Yamazaki, D., WATANABE, S., Kim, H., & Kanae, S. (2013) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate1911 · Cited by 3,029 · see citing works
Untitled work
(2019) · Cited by 2,637 · see citing works
The dragons of inaction: Psychological barriers that limit climate change mitigation and adaptation.
Gifford, R. (2011) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/a0023566 · Cited by 2,326 · see citing works
The age of surveillance capitalism: the fight for a human future at the new frontier of power
Shandler, R. (2019) · Journal of Cyber Policy · doi:10.1080/23738871.2019.1637914 · Cited by 2,113 · see citing works
Big data analytics: understanding its capabilities and potential benefits for healthcare organizations
Wang, Y., Kung, L., & Byrd, T. A. (2018) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2015.12.019 · Cited by 1,571 · see citing works
Transformational adaptation when incremental adaptations to climate change are insufficient
Kates, R. W., Travis, W. R., & Wilbanks, T. J. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1115521109 · Cited by 1,289 · see citing works
Climate change impacts in Sub-Saharan Africa: from physical changes to their social repercussions
Serdeczny, O., Adams, S., Baarsch, F., Coumou, D., Robinson, A., Hare, W., Schaeffer, M., Perrette, M., & Reinhardt, J. (2017) · Regional Environmental Change · doi:10.1007/s10113-015-0910-2 · Cited by 1,037 · see citing works
Mapping the challenges of artificial intelligence in the public sector: Evidence from public healthcare
Sun, T. Q., & Medaglia, R. (2019) · Government Information Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.giq.2018.09.008 · Cited by 948 · see citing works
Climate change and Australia: Trends, projections and impacts
Hughes, L. (2003) · Austral Ecology · doi:10.1046/j.1442-9993.2003.01300.x · Cited by 799 · see citing works
Fair adaptation to climate change
Paavola, J., & Adger, W. N. (2005) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.03.015 · Cited by 648 · see citing works
The unprecedented 2015/16 Tasman Sea marine heatwave
Oliver, E. C. J., Benthuysen, J. A., Bindoff, N. L., Hobday, A. J., Holbrook, N. J., MUNDY, C. N., & Perkins-Kirkpatrick, S. E. (2017) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms16101 · Cited by 620 · see citing works
Resilience for Whom? Emerging Critical Geographies of Socio‐ecological Resilience
Cretney, R. (2014) · Geography Compass · doi:10.1111/gec3.12154 · Cited by 540 · see citing works
Science Communication to the General Public: Why We Need to Teach Undergraduate and Graduate Students this Skill as Part of Their Formal Scientific Training.
Brownell, S. E., Price, J. V., & Steinman, L. (2013) · PubMed · Cited by 413 · see citing works
A review of the socio-economic advantages of textile recycling
Filho, W. L., Ellams, D., Han, S. L.-C., et al. (2019) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.210 · Cited by 412 · see citing works
How Decarbonization, Digitalization and Decentralization are changing key power infrastructures
Silvestre, M. L. D., Favuzza, S., Sanseverino, E. R., & Zizzo, G. (2018) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2018.05.068 · Cited by 410 · see citing works
Contesting climate justice in the city: Examining politics and practice in urban climate change experiments
Bulkeley, H., Edwards, G., & Fuller, S. (2014) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.01.009 · Cited by 398 · see citing works
APSIM Next Generation: Overcoming challenges in modernising a farming systems model
Holzworth, D. P., Huth, N. I., Fainges, J., Brown, H., Zurcher, E. J., Cichota, R., Verrall, S., Herrmann, N. I., Zheng, B., & Snow, V. O. (2018) · Environmental Modelling & Software · doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2018.02.002 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
A typology of adaptation actions: A global look at climate adaptation actions financed through the Global Environment Facility
Biagini, B., Bierbaum, R., Stults, M., Dobardzic, S., & McNeeley, S. M. (2014) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.01.003 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
Unlocking the €53 billion savings from smart meters in the EU: How increasing the adoption of dynamic tariffs could make or break the EU’s smart grid investment
Faruqui, A., Harris, D., & Hledik, R. M. (2010) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2010.06.010 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Advancing understanding of the complex nature of urban systems
McPhearson, T., Haase, D., Kabisch, N., & Gren, Å. (2016) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.03.054 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Urban Governance for Adaptation: Assessing Climate Change Resilience in Ten Asian Cities
Tanner, T., Mitchell, T., Polack, E., & Guenther, B. (2009) · IDS Working Papers · doi:10.1111/j.2040-0209.2009.00315_2.x · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Assessing the impacts of climate change in cities and their adaptive capacity: Towards transformative approaches to climate change adaptation and poverty reduction in urban areas in a set of developing countries
Filho, W. L., Balogun, A., Olayide, O. E., Azeiteiro, U. M., Ayal, D. Y., Muñoz, P. D. C., Nagy, G. J., Bynoe, P., Oguge, N. O., Toamukum, N. Y., et al. (2019) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.227 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Self-citation
Climate Change and Social Inequality
Islam, M. N., & Winkel, J. (2017) · DESA Working paper · doi:10.18356/2c62335d-en · Cited by 267 · see citing works
A Big Data Guide to Understanding Climate Change: The Case for Theory-Guided Data Science
Faghmous, J. H., & Kumar, V. (2014) · Big Data · doi:10.1089/big.2014.0026 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Disaster early warning and damage assessment analysis using social media data and geo-location information
Wu, D. D., & Cui, Y. (2018) · Decision Support Systems · doi:10.1016/j.dss.2018.04.005 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Lessons from flood early warning systems
Cools, J., Innocenti, D., & O’Brien, S. (2016) · Environmental Science & Policy · doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2016.01.006 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Climate Change and Social Inequality
Singer, M. C. (2018) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315103358 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Minimizing the trade-off between sustainability and cost effective performance by using autonomous vehicles
Gružauskas, V., Baskutis, S., & Navickas, V. (2018) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.302 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
The impact of temperature on years of life lost in Brisbane, Australia
Huang, C., Barnett, A. G., Wang, X., & Tong, S. (2012) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate1369 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Citizen engagement in climate adaptation surveyed: The role of values, worldviews, gender and place
Brink, E., & Christine Wamsler, B. (2018) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.164 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Explaining Extreme Events of 2016 from a Climate Perspective
Herring, S. C., Christidis, N., Hoell, A., Kossin, J. P., Schreck, C. J., & Stott, P. A. (2018) · Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society · doi:10.1175/bams-explainingextremeevents2016.1 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Big data analytics for mitigating carbon emissions in smart cities: opportunities and challenges
Giest, S. N. (2017) · European Planning Studies · doi:10.1080/09654313.2017.1294149 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Empowering Indonesian women through building digital media literacy
Suwana, F., & Lily, L. (2017) · Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.kjss.2016.10.004 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Smart city big data analytics: An advanced review
Soomro, K., Bhutta, M. N. M., Khan, Z., & Tahir, M. A. (2019) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery · doi:10.1002/widm.1319 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Gender digital divide in Rwanda: A qualitative analysis of socioeconomic factors
Mumporeze, N., & Prieler, M. (2017) · Telematics and Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.tele.2017.05.014 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Making Sense of Africa's Emerging Digital Transformation and its Many Futures
(2017) · doi:10.1080/23322373.2017.1400260 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Strengthening climate change adaptation capacity in Africa- case studies from six major African cities and policy implications
Filho, W. L., Balogun, A., Ayal, D. Y., Bethurem, E. M., Murambadoro, M. D., Mambo, J., Taddese, H., Tefera, G. W., Nagy, G. J., Fudjumdjum, H., et al. (2018) · Environmental Science & Policy · doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2018.05.004 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Self-citation
Between Vision and Reality: A Study of Scientists’ Views on Citizen Science
Golumbic, Y. N., Orr, D., Baram‐Tsabari, A., et al. (2017) · Citizen Science Theory and Practice · doi:10.5334/cstp.53 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
The Geography of Development Within Countries
Klaus Desmet, A., & Henderson, J. V. (2015) · Handbook of regional and urban economics · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59531-7.00022-3 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Tipping points in adaptation to urban flooding under climate change and urban growth: The case of the Dhaka megacity
Ahmed, F., Moors, E. J., Khan, M. S. A., Warner, J. F., & van Scheltinga, C. T. (2018) · Land Use Policy · doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.05.051 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Disaster Risk Reduction, Climate Change Adaptation and Human Security
O'Brien, Sygna, Leichenko, Adger, W. N., Barnett, J., Mitchell, A. J., Schipper, Tanner, Vogel, H.-H., & Mortreux, C. (2008) · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Managing weather and climate risks to agriculture in North America, Central America and the Caribbean
Shannon, H. D., & Motha, R. P. (2015) · Weather and Climate Extremes · doi:10.1016/j.wace.2015.10.006 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
‘Rage against the machine’? The opportunities and risks concerning the automation of urban green infrastructure
Gulsrud, N. M., Raymond, C. M., Rutt, R. L., Olafsson, A. S., Plieninger, T., Sandberg, M., Beery, T. H., & Jonsson, K. (2018) · Landscape and Urban Planning · doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.08.012 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Addressing flooding in the city of Surat beyond its boundaries
Bhat, G., Karanth, A., Dashora, L. K., et al. (2013) · Environment and Urbanization · doi:10.1177/0956247813495002 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Assembling the 2011 Thailand floods: Protecting farmers and inundating high-value industrial estates in a fragmented hydro-social territory
Marks, D. (2018) · Political Geography · doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2018.10.002 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citation
Urban Risk Assessments: An Approach for Understanding Disaster and Climate Risk in Cities
Dickson, E., Baker, J. L., Hoornweg, D. T., & Tiwari, A. (2012) · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Opportunities and Risks of Digitalization for Climate Protection in Switzerland
Hilty, L. M., & Bieser, J. C. T. (2017) · Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) · doi:10.5167/uzh-141128 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Measuring Urban Land Cover Influence on Air Temperature through Multiple Geo-Data—The Case of Milan, Italy
Oxoli, D., Ronchetti, G., Minghini, M., Molinari, M. E., Lotfian, M., Sona, G., & Brovelli, M. A. (2018) · ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information · doi:10.3390/ijgi7110421 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Emerging digital plan data – new research perspectives on planning practice and evaluation
Fertner, C., Christensen, A. A., Andersen, P. S., et al. (2018) · Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography · doi:10.1080/00167223.2018.1528555 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Using data digitalization to inform climate change adaptation policy: Informing the future using the present
Munang, R., Nkem, J. N., & Han, Z. (2013) · Weather and Climate Extremes · doi:10.1016/j.wace.2013.07.001 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
The Role of Ecosystems in Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction
Uy, N., & Shaw, R. (2012) · Community, environment and disaster risk management · doi:10.1108/s2040-7262(2012)0000012009 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Cultural Aspects of Risk to Environmental Changes and Hazards: A Review of Perspectives
Thomalla, F., Smith, R., & Schipper, E. (2015) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b18233-3 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Interventions on design and political geography
Grove, K. J., Krivý, M., RICKARDS, L. A., Schliwa, G., Collier, S. J., Cox, S., & Gandy, M. (2019) · Political Geography · doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2019.04.009 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
The challenge of implementing AI models in the ICU
Norrie, J. D. (2018) · The Lancet Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(18)30412-0 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Participatory mapping for adaptation to climate change: the case of Boe Boe, Solomon Islands
Piccolella, A. (2013) · Knowledge Management for Development Journal · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Smart Mobility and Elderly People. Can ICT Make the City More Accessible for Everybody?
Battarra, R., Zucaro, F., & Tremiterra, M. R. (2018) · TeMA · doi:10.6092/1970-9870/5768 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The impact of interpersonal pre-warning information dissemination on regional emergency evacuation
Zhang, N., Ni, X., Huang, H., et al. (2015) · Natural Hazards · doi:10.1007/s11069-015-2062-6 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Risk and vulnerability assessment to tsunami and coastal hazards in Indonesia: Conceptual framework and indicator development
Post, J., Zoßeder, K., Strunz, G., et al. (2007) · elib (German Aerospace Center) · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Ecosystem-Based Adaptation
(2012) · Community, environment and disaster risk management · doi:10.1108/s2040-7262(2012)0000012020 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The Role of Land Use in Adaptation to Increased Precipitation and Flooding: A Case Study in Wisconsin's Lower Fox River Basin
Kousky, C., Olmstead, S. M., Walls, M. A., Stern, A. J., & Macauley, M. K. (2011) · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Smarter and Greener? Information Technology and the Environment: Positive or negative impacts?
Vickery, G. (2012) · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Disaster's Impact on Livelihood and Cultural Survival
Companion, M. (2015) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b18233 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Flood Risk Assessment in Asian Flood Prone Area with Limited Local Data – Case Study in Pampanga River Basin, Philippines –
Ohara, M., Nagumo, N., Shrestha, B. B., et al. (2016) · Journal of Disaster Research · doi:10.20965/jdr.2016.p1150 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
SUNSEED — An evolutionary path to smart grid comms over converged telco and energy provider networks
Stefanović, Č., Popovski, P., Jorgušeski, L., et al. (2014) · doi:10.1109/vitae.2014.6934427 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Programa de acción climática de la Ciudad de México 2014-2020.
Ambiente, S. S. D. M. (2016) · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Stakeholder participation in adaption to climate change - Lessons and experience from Germany
Rotter, M., Hoffmann, E., Hirschfeld, J., et al. (2012) · OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Smart Grid Deployment and Climate Change Response: Evaluating Climate Change Integration in Ontario's Smart Grid Deployment Regime
Giesbrecht, J. (2016) · UWSpace (University of Waterloo) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Future of Climate Smart Cities
Kim, K. (2017) · The urban book series · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-59618-1_8 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
New Regulatory Approach in ICT Sector
Mikavica, B. D., & Gospić, N. M. (2015) · International Conference on Information Society · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Sorted by citations

Smarter eco-cities and their leading-edge artificial intelligence of things solutions for environmental sustainability: A comprehensive systematic review
Bibri, S. E., Krogstie, J., Kaboli, A., & Alahi, A. (2024) · Environmental Science and Ecotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.ese.2023.100330 · Cited by 536 · see citing works
Environmentally sustainable smart cities and their converging AI, IoT, and big data technologies and solutions: an integrated approach to an extensive literature review
Bibri, S. E., Alexandre, A., Sharifi, A., & Krogstie, J. (2023) · Energy Informatics · doi:10.1186/s42162-023-00259-2 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Deploying artificial intelligence for climate change adaptation
Leal Filho, W., Wall, T., Rui Mucova, S. A., Nagy, G. J., Balogun, A.-L., Luetz, J. M., Ng, A. W., Kovaleva, M., Safiul Azam, F. M., Alves, F., et al. (2022) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121662 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Role of Digital Technologies in Corporate Sustainability: A Bibliometric Review and Future Research Agenda
Alshdaifat, S. M., Aziz, N. H. A., Alhasnawi, M. Y., Alharasis, E. E., Al Qadi, F., & Al Amosh, H. (2024) · Journal of Risk and Financial Management · doi:10.3390/jrfm17110509 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Digitalization and SMEs development in the context of sustainable development: A China perspective
Ozturk, I., Alqassimi, O., & Ullah, S. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27936 · Cited by 43 · see citing works

Authors: Balogun, A.-L., Marks, D., Sharma, R., Shekhar, H., Balmes, C., Maheng, D., Arshad, A., & Salehi, P.
Affiliations: Universiti Teknologi Petronas (MY)
City University of Hong Kong (HK)
Public Health Foundation of India (IN)
United Nations University (DE)
Universitas Muhammadiyah Kendari (ID)
China Agricultural University (CN)
ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability (DE)
Corresponding author: Balogun, Abdul-Lateef
ORCID: Balogun, Abdul-Lateef
Marks, Danny
Sharma, Richa
Shekhar, Himanshu
Maheng, Dikman
Arshad, Adnan
Salehi, Pourya
Venue: Sustainable Cities and Society
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2020-02
Volume: 53
Pages: 101888
ISSN: 2210-6707 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2019.101888
OpenAlex: W2986849632
Cited by: 455
References: 72
Citations by year: 2026: 59 · 2025: 105 · 2024: 103 · 2023: 84 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 13
FWCI: 17.44
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
Locations: Sustainable Cities and Society (publishedVersion)
UNU Collections (United Nations University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security
United Nations University
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Media Technology › Smart Cities and Technologies
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate Change and Sustainable Development
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Sustainability and Climate Change Governance
Keywords: digitalization, climate change adaptation, sustainable development, Fourth Industrial Revolution, urban resilience, early warning systems, emergency response, food and water security, electricity infrastructure, citizen participation, participatory adaptation, climate hazards

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Assessing the Potentials of Digitalization as a Tool for Climate Change Adaptation and Sustainable Development in Urban Centres

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks