Wide educational disparities in young adult cardiovascular health
Open accessAbstract
Widening educational differences in overall health and recent stagnation in cardiovascular disease mortality rates highlight the critical need to describe and understand educational disparities in cardiovascular health (CVH) among U.S. young adults. We use two data sets representative of the U.S. population to examine educational disparities in CVH among young adults (24-34) coming of age in the 21st century: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2010; N= 689) and the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (2007-2008; N=11,200). We employ descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The results show that fewer than one in four young adults had good CVH (at least 5 out of 7 ideal cardiovascular indicators). Young adults who had not attained a college degree demonstrate particularly disadvantaged CVH compared with their college-educated peers. Such educational disparities persist after accounting for a range of confounders, including individuals' genetic propensity to develop coronary artery disease. The results indicate that the CVH of today's young adults is troubling and especially compromised for individuals with lower levels of educational attainment. These results generate substantial concern about the future CVH of the US population, particularly for young adults with a low level of education.
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The USA has higher co-morbidities in working-age groups compared with European populations, with greater vulnerability to COVID-19.
“Despite having a younger population, the USA also has higher co-morbidities in these age groups compared with European populations with greater vulnerability to COVID-19.42,43”
From Quantifying impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic through life-expectancy losses: a population-level study of 29 countries (2022) · cites this paper as [43]
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- Authors
- Lawrence, E. M., Hummer, R. A., Domingue, B. W., & Harris, K. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Stanford University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lawrence, Elizabeth M.
- Venue
- SSM - Population Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-08
- Volume
- 5
- Pages
- 249-256
- ISSN
- 2352-8273 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6072902
- OpenAlex
- W2884356637
- Cited by
- 27
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4
- FWCI
- 2.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- SSM - Population Health (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Scholarship - UNLV (University of Nevada Reno) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (P2C HD050924, F32 HD085599)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01 HD060726, R01 HD073342)
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
- Keywords
- educational inequality, cardiovascular health, young adults, university education, cardiovascular mortality, health disparities
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