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ΔNp63α Is an Oncogene that Targets Chromatin Remodeler Lsh to Drive Skin Stem Cell Proliferation and Tumorigenesis
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SUMMARY The p53 homolog p63 is essential for development, yet its role in cancer is not clear. We discovered that p63 deficiency evokes the tumor suppressive mechanism of cellular senescence, causing a striking absence of stratified epithelia such as the skin. Here we identify the predominant p63 isoform, ΔNp63α, as a protein that bypasses oncogene induced senescence to drive tumorigenesis in vivo. Interestingly, bypass of senescence promotes stem-like proliferation and maintains survival of the keratin 15-positive stem cell population. Furthermore, we identify the chromatin remodeling protein Lsh as a new target of ΔNp63α that is an essential mediator of senescence bypass. These findings indicate that ΔNp63α is an oncogene that cooperates with Ras to promote tumor-initiating stem-like proliferation, and suggest that Lsh-mediated chromatin remodeling events are critical to this process.
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“Specific TFs were also essential, including TP63, the epidermal master regulator and cSCC oncogene (Keyes et al., 2011), as well as the AP1 family TFs, FOSL1 and JUNB.”
From Multimodal Analysis of Composition and Spatial Architecture in Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2020) · cites this paper as Keyes et al., 2011
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Multimodal Analysis of Composition and Spatial Architecture in Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Ji, A. L., Rubin, A. J., Thrane, K., Jiang, S., Reynolds, D. L., Meyers, R. M., Guo, M. G., George, B. M., Mollbrink, A., Bergenstråhle, J., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.039 · Cited by 1,117
“Specific TFs were also essential, including TP63, the epidermal master regulator and cSCC oncogene (Keyes et al., 2011), as well as the AP1 family TFs, FOSL1 and JUNB.”
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“A molecular hallmark of the “C2-squamous-like” subtype is strong upregulation of the ΔNp63 isoform which has been linked to squamous identity (Hoadley et al., 2014; Keyes et al., 2011).”
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“Considering the known link between ∆Np63 and squamous cell carcinoma (Keyes et al., 2011), we investigated whether manipulating this TF would allow us to understand the importance of squamous lineage characteristics in PDA.”
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“In addition, forced expression of DNp63a, the major p63 isoform present in tumors and normal epithelia, is sufficient to bypass senescence and drive stemlike proliferation and tumorigenesis (Ha et al., 2011; Keyes et al., 2011).”
BackgroundSOX2 and p63 colocalize at genetic loci in squamous cell carcinomas
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“Chromatin remodelers that are direct p63 targets also include LSH, which regulates DNA methylation and transcriptional silencing [60].”
BackgroundKumar, S., Wilkes, D. W., Samuel, N., Blanco, M. A., Nayak, A., Alicea-Torres, K. M., Gluck, C. B., Sinha, S., Gabrilovich, D. I., & Chakrabarti, R. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci99673 · Cited by 174
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“…of tumor initiation and that this Krt-15 stem cell population was recently identified as a target cell of origin in squamous cell carcinoma (Keyes et al. 2011; Lapouge et al. 2011; White et al. 2011), the expansion of this population during aging could significantly increase the chance of…”
BackgroundSelf-citationSenescence Regulation by the p53 Protein Family
Qian, Y., & Chen, X. (2012) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-62703-239-1_3 · Cited by 181
Developmental factor IRF6 exhibits tumor suppressor activity in squamous cell carcinomas
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“S1A) and the recent discovery that ΔNp63 plays a critical role in inducing bypass of OIS (26) prompted us to analyze the role of IRF6 in regulating this early event.”
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Epigenetic Regulation of Skin Cells in Natural Aging and Premature Aging Diseases
Orioli, D., & Dellambra, E. (2018) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells7120268 · Cited by 150
“Furthermore, Lsh is a direct target of both p63 [147] and DNMT1 [160] that may cooperate to repress p16INK4a expression and maintain a proliferative state in epidermal progenitors.”
Backgroundp63 steps into the limelight: crucial roles in the suppression of tumorigenesis and metastasis
Su, X., Chakravarti, D., & Flores, E. R. (2013) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc3446 · Cited by 143
FGFR2 signaling underlies p63 oncogenic function in squamous cell carcinoma
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Self-citationp53/p63/p73 in the Epidermis in Health and DiseasePreprint
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“In turn, Lsh regulates chromatin remodeling and mediates DNp63-dependent proliferation and survival of Keratin 15-positive stem cells in the skin (Keyes et al. 2011).”
BackgroundRole of p63 in Development, Tumorigenesis and Cancer Progression
Bergholz, J. S., & Xiao, Z. J. (2012) · Cancer Microenvironment · doi:10.1007/s12307-012-0116-9 · Cited by 116
“It has been shown that concomitant ΔNp63α and Ras expression cooperate to induce tumor formation in mouse xenografts, while either Ras or ΔNp63α over-expression alone is not enough for supporting tumor growth, thus indicating thatΔNp63α may also act as an oncogene by potentiating the oncogenic features of Ras [92].”
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Cutaneous Notch Signaling in Health and DiseasePreprint
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“As described above, Notch1 inhibits DNp63a expression, which promotes proliferation of epithelial stem cells and can exert oncogenic effects in the skin (Keyes et al. 2011).”
BackgroundMolecular Mechanisms of p63-Mediated Squamous Cancer Pathogenesis
Moses, M. A., George, A. L., Sakakibara, N., Mahmood, K., Ponnamperuma, R. M., King, K. E., & Weinberg, W. C. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20143590 · Cited by 102
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Np63 Regulates Stem Cell Dynamics in the Mammalian Olfactory Epithelium
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“…which mediate adhesion to the basal lamina, such as integrins (Carroll et al., 2006); components of signaling pathways including the Notch and Wnt pathways (Laurikkala et al., 2006; Romano et al., 2010; Yalcin-Ozuysal et al., 2010), and chromatin remodeling components (Keyes et al., 2011).”
Backgroundp63-related signaling at a glance
Fisher, M. L., Balinth, S., & Mills, A. A. (2020) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.228015 · Cited by 94
“Another chromatin-modifying protein that is regulated by p63 is lymphoid-specific helicase (LSH; also known as HELLS) (Keyes et al., 2011), which is implicated in embryonic development and cellular senescence (Muegge, 2005).”
BackgroundSelf-citationp63 and SOX2 Dictate Glucose Reliance and Metabolic Vulnerabilities in Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Hsieh, M.-H., Choe, J. H., Gadhvi, J. G., Kim, Y. J., Arguez, M. A., Palmer, M., Gerold, H., Nowak, C. M., Do, H., Mazambani, S., et al. (2019) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.027 · Cited by 93
“Amplified ΔNp63 may cooperate with various oncogenic events, including activation of oncogenic Ras and β-catenin as well as repression of tumor suppressors p53 and p73, to endow an increased proliferative effect (Hibi et al., 2000; Keyes et al., 2011; Patturajan et al., 2002; Rocco et al., 2006; Yang et al., 1998).”
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“Recent studies have indicated that DNp63a is necessary and sufficient to by-pass oncogene-induced senescence suggesting that it plays a critical role in the very early steps of cancer initiation [38].”
BackgroundHazawa, M., Lin, D., Kobayashi, A., Jiang, Y., Xu, L., Dewi, F. R. P., Mohamed, M. S., Hartono, H., Nakada, M., Meguro‐Horike, M., et al. (2017) · EMBO Reports · doi:10.15252/embr.201744523 · Cited by 86
p63: a crucial player in epithelial stemness regulation
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“Furthermore, our previous finding that FOXM1 expression co-expressed with an epithelial stem cell marker DNp63a in the proliferating stem/progenitor oral keratinocyte subpopulation [10], and that DNp63a has been shown to target HELLS to induce squamous cell carcinoma formation in mice [37], together suggest a possible…”
Myoepithelial Cell Differentiation Markers in Ductal Carcinoma in Situ Progression
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Chemosensitivity is controlled by p63 modification with ubiquitin-like protein ISG15
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“Interestingly, the isoform of p63, ΔNp63α bypasses the senescence to promote stem-like cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in skin cancer under in vivo condition [112].”
BackgroundA double dealing tale of p63: an oncogene or a tumor suppressor
Chen, Y., Peng, Y., Fan, S., Li, Y., Xiao, Z. J., & Li, C. (2017) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-017-2666-y · Cited by 74
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“Moreover, the chromatin remodeler LSH is a direct target of both p63 [101] and DNMT1 in primary keratinocytes.”
BackgroundMardaryev, A. N., Liu, B., Rapisarda, V., Poterlowicz, K., Malashchuk, I., Rudolf, J., Sharov, A. A., Jahoda, C. A. B., Fessing, M. Y., Benitah, S. A., et al. (2015) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.201506065 · Cited by 70
“Increased evidence demonstrates that p63 regulates several components of the epigenetic machinery (Brg1, Lsh, and Satb1) to regulate chromatin remodeling and establish the epidermal differentiation program (Fessing et al., 2011; Keyes et al., 2011; Mardaryev et al., 2014).”
BackgroundTranscription Factor TCF4 Maintains the Properties of Human Corneal Epithelial Stem Cells
Lu, R., Qu, Y., Ge, J., Zhang, L., Su, Z., Pflugfelder, S. C., & Li, D. (2012) · Stem Cells · doi:10.1002/stem.1032 · Cited by 64
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USP28: Oncogene or Tumor Suppressor? A Unifying Paradigm for Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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“Furthermore, the oncogenic potential of ∆Np63α collaborates with the RAS pathway to induce tumorigenesis [89].”
BackgroundCapturing epidermal stemness for regenerative medicine
Barrandon, Y., Grasset, N., Zaffalon, A., Gorostidi, F., Claudinot, S., Droz-Georget, S. L., Nanba, D., & Rochat, A. (2012) · Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2012.09.011 · Cited by 61
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BackgroundAlterations of p63 and p73 in Human Cancers
Inoue, K., & Fry, E. A. (2014) · Sub-cellular biochemistry/Subcellular biochemistry · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9211-0_2 · Cited by 63
“[ 58 ] observed that ΔNp63 α overexpression in mouse embryonic fi broblasts (MEFs) bypassed Ras-mediated senescence and drove tumorigenesis in vivo .”
BackgroundHuman epidermal stem cells: Role in adverse skin reactions and carcinogenesis from radiation
Martin, M. T., Vulin, A., & Hendry, J. H. (2016) · Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research · doi:10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.08.004 · Cited by 60
deltaNp63 Has a Role in Maintaining Epithelial Integrity in Airway Epithelium
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Novel approaches for managing aged skin and nonmelanoma skin cancer
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ΔNp63α regulates Erk signaling via MKP3 to inhibit cancer metastasis
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“In line with these observations, ΔNp63α cooperates with Ras to promote skin stem cell proliferation and tumorigenesis (22).”
ΔNp63 Promotes Pediatric Neuroblastoma and Osteosarcoma by Regulating Tumor Angiogenesis
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Chromatin-Bound IκBα Regulates a Subset of Polycomb Target Genes in Differentiation and Cancer
Mulero, M. C., Ferrés-Marcó, D., Islam, A. B. M. M. K., Margalef, P., Pecoraro, M., Toll, A., Drechsel, N. J. D., Charneco, C., Davis, S. M., Bellora, N., et al. (2013) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2013.06.003 · Cited by 55
Self-citationYang, R., Liu, N., Chen, L., Jiang, Y., Shi, Y., Mao, C., Liu, Y., Wang, M., Lai, W., Tang, H., et al. (2019) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/s41388-019-0909-0 · Cited by 54
ΔNp63α activates CD82 metastasis suppressor to inhibit cancer cell invasion
Wu, J., Liang, S., Bergholz, J. S., He, H., Walsh, E. M., Zhang, Y., & Xiao, Z.-X. (2014) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/cddis.2014.239 · Cited by 54
Xie, C., Zhu, J., Jiang, Y., Chen, J., Wang, X., Geng, S., Wu, J., Zhong, C., Li, X., & Meng, Z. (2019) · Theranostics · doi:10.7150/thno.33812 · Cited by 52
Yang, R., Liu, N., Chen, L., Jiang, Y., Shi, Y., Mao, C., Liu, Y., Wang, M., Lai, W., Tang, H., et al. (2019) · Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1186/s13046-019-1276-y · Cited by 51
ASPP2 suppresses squamous cell carcinoma via RelA/p65–mediated repression of p63
Tordella, L., Koch, S., Salter, V., Pagotto, A., Doondeea, J. B., Feller, S. M., Ratnayaka, I., Zhong, S., Goldin, R. D., Lozano, G., et al. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1309362110 · Cited by 48
“Hence,ΔNp63 is considered an oncogene (19).”
Hepatic p63 regulates steatosis via IKKβ/ER stress
Porteiro, B., Fondevila, M. F., Delgado, T. C., Iglesias, C., Imbernón, M., Iruzubieta, P., Crespo, J., Zabala‐Letona, A., Fernø, J., González‐Terán, B., et al. (2017) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms15111 · Cited by 48
Chatterjee, K., Das, P., Chattopadhyay, N. R., Mal, S., & Choudhuri, T. (2019) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02624 · Cited by 48
“ΔNp63α is observed to induce tumor-initiating stem-like proliferation by cooperating with Ras via interaction with the chromatin remodeling protein Lsh (Keyes et al., 2011).”
BackgroundAlveolar regeneration by airway secretory-cell-derived p63+ progenitors
Lv, Z., Liu, Z., Liu, K., Lin, X., Pu, W., Li, Y., Zhao, H., Xi, Y., Sui, P., Vaughan, A. E., et al. (2024) · Cell stem cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2024.08.005 · Cited by 47
DeCastro, A., Dunphy, K. A., Hutchinson, J. A., Balboni, A., Cherukuri, P., Jerry, D. J., & DiRenzo, J. (2013) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/cddis.2013.37 · Cited by 47
DNA replication timing alterations identify common markers between distinct progeroid diseases
Rivera‐Mulia, J. C., Desprat, R., Trevilla‐García, C., Cornacchia, D., Schwerer, H., Sasaki, T., Sima, J., Fells, T., Studer, L., Lemaı̂tre, J.-M., et al. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1711613114 · Cited by 43
“Consistently, p63 mice have epidermal developmental defects and a shorter life span (25–28), and TP63 is required for proper skin stratification (29, 30).”
BackgroundTao, Y., Liu, S., Briones, V. R., Geiman, T. M., & Muegge, K. (2011) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkr611 · Cited by 45
Yamano, S., Gi, M., Tago, Y., Doi, K., Okada, S., Hirayama, Y., Tachibana, H., Ishii, N., Fujioka, M., Tatsumi, K., et al. (2015) · Cancer Science · doi:10.1111/cas.12855 · Cited by 44
CD44 polymorphisms and its variants, as an inconsistent marker in cancer investigations
Gomari, M. M., Farsimadan, M., Rostami, N., Mahmoudi, Z., Fadaie, M., Farhani, I., & Tarighi, P. (2021) · Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research · doi:10.1016/j.mrrev.2021.108374 · Cited by 44
Personalized and targeted therapy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: an update
Liu, Y., Xiong, Z., Beasley, A., D’Amico, T. A., & Chen, X. L. (2016) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.13144 · Cited by 42
Sethi, I., Sinha, S., & Buck, M. J. (2014) · BMC Genomics · doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-1042 · Cited by 40
Increased ACTL6A Occupancy within mSWI/SNF Chromatin Remodelers Drives Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Chang, C.-Y., Shipony, Z., Lin, S. G., Kuo, A., Xiong, X., Loh, K. M., Greenleaf, W. J., & Crabtree, G. R. (2021) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2021.10.005 · Cited by 44
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p63 cooperates with CTCF to modulate chromatin architecture in skin keratinocytes
Qu, J., Yi, G., & Zhou, H. (2019) · Epigenetics & Chromatin · doi:10.1186/s13072-019-0280-y · Cited by 38
“Furthermore, p63 directly regulates 8 chromatin factors, Satb1, Lsh, and Brg1, to control the chromatin remodelling during epidermis 9 development [9-11].”
BackgroundLiu, N., Yang, R., Shi, Y., Chen, L., Liu, Y., Wang, Z., Liu, S., Ouyang, L., Wang, H., Lai, W., et al. (2020) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-020-00249-w · Cited by 40
Lai, W., Jia, J., Yan, B., Jiang, Y., Shi, Y., Chen, L., Mao, C., Liu, X., Tang, H., Gao, M., et al. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.22868 · Cited by 39
Wu, H. H., Wang, B., Armstrong, S., Abuetabh, Y., Leng, S., Roa, W., Atfi, A., Marchese, A., Wilson, B. A., Sergi, C. M., et al. (2021) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkab081 · Cited by 39
Chen, L., Shi, Y., Liu, N., Wang, Z., Yang, R., Yan, B., Liu, X., Lai, W., Liu, Y., Xiao, D., et al. (2019) · Epigenetics & Chromatin · doi:10.1186/s13072-019-0302-9 · Cited by 38
Huang, D., Li, Q., Sun, X., Sun, X., Tang, Y., Qu, Y., Liu, D., Yu, T., Li, G., Tong, T., et al. (2020) · Cell Death and Differentiation · doi:10.1038/s41418-020-00689-5 · Cited by 38
Zhang, Y., Cheng, Y., Ren, X., Hori, T., Huber-Keener, K. J., Zhang, L., Yap, K. L., Liu, D., Shantz, L. M., Qin, Z.-H., et al. (2012) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-0139 · Cited by 36
The role of microRNAs in stemness of cancer stem cells
Rad, S. M. A. H., Bavarsad, M. S., Arefian, E., Jaseb, K., Shahjahani, M., & Saki, N. (2013) · Oncology Reviews · doi:10.4081/oncol.2013.e8 · Cited by 37
Elevated ΔNp63α Levels Facilitate Epidermal and Biliary Oncogenic Transformation
Devos, M., Gilbert, B., Denecker, G., Leurs, K., Guire, C. M., Lemeire, K., Hochepied, T., Vuylsteke, M., Lambert, J., den Broecke, C. V., et al. (2016) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jid.2016.09.026 · Cited by 39
“Indeed, ΔNp63α is able to block oncogene-induced senescence in keratinocytes by mutated Ras, which results in enhanced malignant conversion when grafted onto nude mice (Ha et al., 2011, Keyes et al., 2011).”
BackgroundEpigenetic regulation of adult stem cell function
Rinaldi, L., & Benitah, S. A. (2014) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.12946 · Cited by 38
Regulation of p63 Protein Stability via Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway
Li, C., & Xiao, Z. J. (2014) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2014/175721 · Cited by 36
ΔNp63α down-regulates c-Myc modulator MM1 via E3 ligase HERC3 in the regulation of cell senescence
Chen, Y., Li, Y., Peng, Y., Zheng, X., Fan, S., Yi, Y., Zeng, P. C., Chen, H., Kang, H. C., Zhang, Y., et al. (2018) · Cell Death and Differentiation · doi:10.1038/s41418-018-0132-5 · Cited by 36
Chromatin regulators in mammalian epidermis
Frye, M., & Benitah, S. A. (2012) · Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2012.08.009 · Cited by 36
p63 Is a Promising Marker in the Diagnosis of Unusual Skin Cancer
Smirnov, A., Anemona, L., Novelli, F., Piro, M. C., Annicchiarico‐Petruzzelli, M., Melino, G., & Candi, E. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20225781 · Cited by 35
“Indeed, p63 contributes to cancer development, preventing oncogene-induced senescence of keratinocytes by activating the expression of the chromatin remodeler LSH [53].”
BackgroundTai, G., Ranjzad, P., Marriage, F., Rehman, S., Denley, H., Dixon, J., Mitchell, K., Day, P. J., & Woolf, A. S. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0081167 · Cited by 34
“P63 is essential for epidermal stratification [18,19] and is implicated in skin tomourigenesis [32].”
BackgroundCrosstalk among p53 family members in cutaneous carcinoma
Missero, C., & Antonini, D. (2014) · Experimental Dermatology · doi:10.1111/exd.12320 · Cited by 36
Yu, Y., Morales, J. R., Feng, L., Lee, J. J., El‐Naggar, A. K., & Vigneswaran, N. (2015) · Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology · doi:10.1016/j.oooo.2014.12.022 · Cited by 30
The Chromatin Remodeler HELLS: A New Regulator in DNA Repair, Genome Maintenance, and Cancer
Peixoto, E., Khan, A. U., Lewis, Z., Contreras-Galindo, R., & Czaja, W. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23169313 · Cited by 31
Basenko, E. Y., Kamei, M., Ji, L., Schmitz, R. J., & Lewis, Z. (2016) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005790 · Cited by 27
Metadata
- Authors
- Keyes, W. M., Pecoraro, M., Aranda, V., Vernersson-Lindahl, E., Li, W., Vogel, H., Guo, X., Garcia, E. L., Michurina, T. V., Enikolopov, G., Muthuswamy, S. K., & Mills, A. A.
- Affiliations
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (US)
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (ES)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Keyes, William M.
- Mills, Alea A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell Stem Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-02
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 164-176
- ISSN
- 1875-9777 (ISSN-L)
- 1934-5909
- PMC
- PMC4373450
- OpenAlex
- W2005062632
- Semantic Scholar
- c1f79d43c5cb2d63b4b44bf6992e804b60c11dd7
- Cited by
- 193
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 14.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell stem cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Institutional Repository (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
- Repositori digital de la UPF (Universitat Pompeu Fabra) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA098830)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Chromatin Remodeling and Cancer
- Keywords
- ΔNp63α, p63 isoforms, LSH, chromatin remodeling, oncogenes, senescence bypass, oncogene-induced senescence, skin stem cells, keratin 15, stem cell proliferation, carcinogenesis, stratified epithelium, skin cancer
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cells, Cultured, DNA Helicases, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Mice, Nude, Phosphoproteins, Protein Binding, Skin, Stem Cells, Trans-Activators, Keratinocytes, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Cell Proliferation, Mice
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