Lecithin:Cholesterol Acyltransferase, High-Density Lipoproteins, and Atheroprotection in Humans
Abstract
The lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of cholesteryl esters in human plasma. Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase is a critical enzyme in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism, and deficiency of LCAT-mediated cholesterol esterification leads to defective HDL maturation with accumulation of nascent pre-beta HDL. In addition to its function in HDL metabolism, LCAT has also long been believed to play a critical role in macrophage reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). However, recent findings have shown that human LCAT overexpression in mice does not enhance macrophage RCT in vivo, and conversely, LCAT-deficient mice display a preserved macrophage RCT despite the severe plasma HDL reduction. In agreement with this observation, defective LCAT activity does not result in enhanced atherosclerosis, despite the reduced HDL cholesterol levels. These findings challenge the notion that LCAT is required for effective atheroprotection and suggest that elevating LCAT expression and/or activity is not a promising therapeutic strategy to reduce cardiovascular risk.
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Mechanisms of exercise-induced lipid changes may involve increased activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL).
“Mechanisms may involve the increased activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) - lipoprotein lipase responsible for chylomicrons and VLDL TAG hydrolysis in granules [61].”
From Effects of aerobic exercise on lipids and lipoproteins (2017) · cites this paper as [61]
Lipoprotein lipase is responsible for chylomicrons and VLDL TAG hydrolysis in granules.
“Mechanisms may involve the increased activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) - lipoprotein lipase responsible for chylomicrons and VLDL TAG hydrolysis in granules [61].”
From Effects of aerobic exercise on lipids and lipoproteins (2017) · cites this paper as [61]
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- Authors
- Calabresi, L., & Franceschini, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Milan (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Franceschini, Guido
- Venue
- Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-02
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 50-53
- ISSN
- 1050-1738 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1994334055
- Cited by
- 123
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 1.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Keywords
- lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase, HDL metabolism, atheroprotection, reverse cholesterol transport, macrophages, cholesteryl ester synthesis, prebeta-HDL, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase, Lipoproteins, HDL, Macrophages, Risk Factors, Atherosclerosis, Mice
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