The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cardiovascular toxicity of nicotine: Implications for electronic cigarette use
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Nicotine induces lipolysis and could enhance insulin resistance and, therefore, promotes atherogenesis and type II diabetes [4, 5].”
From Nicotine: Sporting Friend or Foe? A Review of Athlete Use, Performance Consequences and Other Considerations (2017) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“Although not a direct carcinogen, nicotine may be a tumour promoter through its actions on inhibiting apoptosis and promoting angiogenesis, whilst it is suspected that nicotine most prominently affects fetal neuroteratogenic effects [4, 5].”
From Nicotine: Sporting Friend or Foe? A Review of Athlete Use, Performance Consequences and Other Considerations (2017) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“Nicotine binding to nAChRs conveys different electrophysiological characteristics and agonist binding due to the subunit component varying by tissue; for example the α4β2 receptor mediates addiction, α3β4 receptors mediate cardiovascular responses, and α7 receptors activate the cholinergic immune system [5].”
From Nicotine: Sporting Friend or Foe? A Review of Athlete Use, Performance Consequences and Other Considerations (2017) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“nicotine per se does not appear to increase the incidence or prevalence of hypertension, and is not a major contributor to a chronic inflammatory state or dyslipidemia with little or no increase of cardiovascular risk especially to those without an underlying cardiovascular disease or high risk [4, 5].”
From Nicotine: Sporting Friend or Foe? A Review of Athlete Use, Performance Consequences and Other Considerations (2017) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“As a sympathomimetic stimulating catecholamine release, the cardiovascular effects of nicotine are most pronounced and act to alter cardiac rate, contractility and output, possibly alter coronary blood flow and may contribute to endothelial dysfunction that, in theory, precipitates acute ischaemic events [4, 5]”
From Nicotine: Sporting Friend or Foe? A Review of Athlete Use, Performance Consequences and Other Considerations (2017) · cites this paper as [5]
2 more claims about this paper
Create a free account to see every claim other papers make about this one.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Yusuf, S., Hawken, S., Ôunpuu, S., Dans, T., Avezum, A., Lanas, F., McQueen, M., Budaj, A., Pais, P., Varigos, J., et al. (2004) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(04)17018-9 · Cited by 12,026
21st-Century Hazards of Smoking and Benefits of Cessation in the United States
Jha, P., Ramasundarahettige, C., Landsman, V., Rostron, B., Thun, M., Anderson, R. N., McAfee, T., & Peto, R. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa1211128 · Cited by 1,767
E-Cigarettes: A Scientific Review
Grana, R., Benowitz, N., & Glantz, S. A. (2014) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.114.007667 · Cited by 1,194
Self-citationThe safety of transdermal nicotine as an aid to smoking cessation in patients with cardiac disease
Joseph, A. M., Norman, S. M., Ferry, L. H., Prochazka, A. V., Westman, E. C., Steele, B. G., Sherman, S. E., Cleveland, M., Antonuccio, D. O., Hartman, N., et al. (1996) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199612123352402 · Cited by 492
Activation of AMPKα2 in adipocytes is essential for nicotine-induced insulin resistance in vivo
Wu, Y., Song, P., Zhang, W., Liu, J., Dai, X., Liu, Z., Lu, Q., Ouyang, C., Xie, Z., Zhao, Z., et al. (2015) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3826 · Cited by 169
Research works printed but not linked: 32
- Morris, 2015, Cardiovascular effects of exposure to cigarette smoke and electronic cigarettes: clinical perspectives from the prevention of cardiovascular disease section leadership council and early career councils of the american college of cardiology, J Am Coll Cardiol, 66, 1378, 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.07.037 · DOI
- Messner, 2014, Smoking and cardiovascular disease mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction and early atherogenesis, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 34, 509, 10.1161/ATVBAHA.113.300156 · DOI
- Csordas, 2013, The biology behind the atherothrombotic effects of cigarette smoke, Nat Rev Cardiol, 10, 219, 10.1038/nrcardio.2013.8 · DOI
- Barua, 2013, Mechanisms of coronary thrombosis in cigarette smoke exposure, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 33, 1460, 10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.300154 · DOI
- Benowitz, 2003, Cigarette smoking and cardiovascular disease: pathophysiology and implications for treatment, Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 46, 91, 10.1016/S0033-0620(03)00087-2 · DOI
- Brook, 2010, Particulate matter air pollution and cardiovascular disease an update to the scientific statement from the American Heart Association, Circulation, 121, 2331, 10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181dbece1 · DOI · Paper page
- van Berlo, 2013, Signaling effectors underlying pathologic growth and remodeling of the heart, J Clin Invest, 123, 37, 10.1172/JCI62839 · DOI · Paper page
- Jensen, 2012, General mechanisms of nicotine-induced fibrogenesis, FASEB J, 26, 4778, 10.1096/fj.12-206458 · DOI
- Girdhar, 2008, Reduced-nicotine cigarettes increase platelet activation in smokers in vivo: a dilemma in harm reduction, Nicotine Tob Res, 10, 1737, 10.1080/14622200802443528 · DOI
- Filippini, 2012, The Yin and Yang of non-neuronal α7-nicotinic receptors in inflammation and autoimmunity, Curr Drug Targets, 13, 644, 10.2174/138945012800399008 · DOI
- Dutta, 2012, Myocardial infarction accelerates atherosclerosis, Nature, 487, 325, 10.1038/nature11260 · DOI
- Lee, 2012, Nicotine and pathological angiogenesis, Life Sci, 91, 1058, 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.06.032 · DOI
- Konishi, 2010, Chronic exposure to nicotine impairs cholinergic angiogenesis, Vasc Med, 15, 47, 10.1177/1358863X09106326 · DOI
- Andersson, 2001, Systemic nicotine stimulates human adipose tissue lipolysis through local cholinergic and catecholaminergic receptors, Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 25, 1225, 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801654 · DOI · Paper page
- Murray, 1996, Safety of nicotine polacrilex gum used by 3094 participants in the Lung Health Study, Chest J, 109, 438, 10.1378/chest.109.2.438 · DOI
- Hering, 2010, Smoking is associated with chronic sympathetic activation in hypertension, Blood Press, 19, 152, 10.3109/08037051.2010.484150 · DOI
- Carter, 2015, Smoking and mortality—beyond established causes, N Engl J Med, 372, 2170, 10.1056/NEJMsa1407211 · DOI · Paper page
- Piano, 2010, Impact of smokeless tobacco products on cardiovascular disease: implications for policy, prevention, and treatment a policy statement from the American Heart Association, Circulation, 122, 1520, 10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181f432c3 · DOI
- Mills, 2013, Cardiovascular events associated with smoking cessation pharmacotherapies: a network meta-analysis, Circulation, 113, 003961
- Mahmarian, 1997, Nicotine patch therapy in smoking cessation reduces the extent of exercise-induced myocardial ischemia, J Am Coll Cardiol, 30, 125, 10.1016/S0735-1097(97)00128-9 · DOI
- Yatsuya, 2010, Risk of incident cardiovascular disease among users of smokeless tobacco in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, Am J Epidemiol, 172, 600, 10.1093/aje/kwq191 · DOI
- Arefalk, 2014, Discontinuation of smokeless tobacco and mortality risk after myocardial infarction, Circulation, 113, 007252
- Arefalk, 2012, Smokeless tobacco (snus) and risk of heart failure: results from two Swedish cohorts, Eur J Prev Cardiol, 19, 1120, 10.1177/1741826711420003 · DOI · Paper page
- Hergens, 2014, Use of Scandinavian moist smokeless tobacco (snus) and the risk of atrial fibrillation, Epidemiology, 25, 872, 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000169 · DOI · Paper page
- St. Helen, 2016, Nicotine delivery, retention, and pharmacokinetics from various electronic cigarettes, Addiction, 111, 534, 10.1111/add.13183 · DOI
- Riley, 2016, Hormonal contraception among electronic cigarette users and cardiovascular risk: a systematic review, Contraception, 93, 190, 10.1016/j.contraception.2015.11.003 · DOI
- Lippi, 2014, E-cigarettes and cardiovascular risk: beyond science and mysticism, Semin Thromb Hemost, 40, 60
- Farsalinos, 2014, Acute effects of using an electronic nicotine-delivery device (electronic cigarette) on myocardial function: comparison with the effects of regular cigarettes, BMC Cardiovasc Disord, 14, 78, 10.1186/1471-2261-14-78 · DOI
- Cheng, 2014, Chemical evaluation of electronic cigarettes, Tob Control, 23
- Tayyarah, 2014, Comparison of select analytes in aerosol from e-cigarettes with smoke from conventional cigarettes and with ambient air, Regul Toxicol Pharmacol, 70, 704, 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.10.010 · DOI
- Brown, 2014, Real-world effectiveness of e-cigarettes when used to aid smoking cessation: a cross-sectional population study, Addiction, 109, 1531, 10.1111/add.12623 · DOI · Paper page
- Bhatnagar, 2014, Electronic cigarettes a policy statement from the American Heart Association, Circulation, 130, 1418, 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000107 · DOI
Cited by
Current advances in research in treatment and recovery: Nicotine addiction
Prochaska, J. J., & Benowitz, N. L. (2019) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aay9763 · Cited by 219
Self-citationMündel, T. (2017) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-017-0764-5 · Cited by 71
Hughes, J. R., Peters, E. N., Callas, P. W., Peasley-Miklus, C., Oga, E., Etter, J.-F., & Morley, N. (2020) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntz169 · Cited by 10
Kopa-Stojak, P. N., & Pawliczak, R. (2026) · Exposure and Health · doi:10.1007/s12403-026-00812-w
Metadata
- Authors
- Benowitz, N. L., & Burbank, A. D.
- Venue
- Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-08
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 515-523
- ISSN
- 1050-1738
- Cited by
- 456
- References
- 5
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Cardiovascular toxicity of nicotine: Implications for electronic cigarette use. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.tcm.2016.03.001
- The paper
- Benowitz, N. L., & Burbank, A. D. (2016). Cardiovascular toxicity of nicotine: Implications for electronic cigarette use. Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2016.03.001
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
