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The DOI matches its Crossref record; 78 of the 78 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Innovation ecosystems: A conceptual review and a new definition

Open access
Granstrand, Ove, Holgersson, Marcus·2020·Technovation

Abstract

The concept of innovation ecosystems has become popular during the last 15 years, leading to a debate regarding its relevance and conceptual rigor, not the least in this journal. The purpose of this article is to review received definitions of innovation ecosystems and related concepts and to propose a synthesized definition of an innovation ecosystem. The conceptual analysis identifies an unbalanced focus on complementarities, collaboration, and actors in received definitions, and among other things proposes the additional inclusion of competition, substitutes, and artifacts in conceptualizations of innovation ecosystems, leading to the following definition: An innovation ecosystem is the evolving set of actors, activities, and artifacts, and the institutions and relations, including complementary and substitute relations, that are important for the innovative performance of an actor or a population of actors. This definition is compatible with related conceptualizations of innovation systems and natural ecosystems, and the validity of it is illustrated with three empirical examples of innovation ecosystems.

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Metadata

Authors
Granstrand, O., & Holgersson, M.
Venue
Technovation
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2020-02
Volume
90-91
Pages
102098
ISSN
0166-4972 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2990520469
Cited by
1,236
References
78
FWCI
147.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Innovation ecosystems: A conceptual review and a new definition. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.technovation.2019.102098
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Granstrand, O., & Holgersson, M. (2020). Innovation ecosystems: A conceptual review and a new definition. Technovation. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2019.102098

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.