Gestational diabetes mellitus: mechanisms, treatment, and complications
Open accessAbstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disturbance during pregnancy. The prevalence is rising and correlates with the increase in maternal obesity over recent decades. The etiology of GDM is complex, with genetic and environmental factors implicated in mechanistic and epidemiological studies. GDM begets important short- and long-term health risks for the mother, developing fetus, and offspring. This includes the high likelihood of subsequent maternal type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and possible adverse cardiometabolic phenotypes in the offspring. The most clinically and cost-effective methods of screening for GDM remain uncertain. Whilst treatments with lifestyle and pharmacological interventions have demonstrated short-term benefits, the long-term impact for the offspring of intrauterine exposure to antidiabetic medication remains unclear.
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GDM is a common pregnancy complication and a growing public health issue.
“Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), defined as glucose intolerance with onset during pregnancy, is a common pregnancy complication and a growing public health issue (Alfadhli, 2015; Johns et al., 2018; Szmuilowicz et al., 2019).”
From Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in early pregnancy, risk of gestational diabetes mellitus, potential pathways, and influencing factors in pregnant women: A nested case-control study (2023) · cites this paper as Johns et al., 2018
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- Authors
- Johns, E. C., Denison, F. C., Norman, J. E., & Reynolds, R. M.
- Affiliations
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Reynolds, Rebecca M.
- Venue
- Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-11
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 743-754
- ISSN
- 1043-2760 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2895681293
- Cited by
- 828
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 58 · 2025: 127 · 2024: 158 · 2023: 162 · 2022: 134 · 2021: 100 · 2020: 67 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 7.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- Locations
- Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- British Heart Foundation
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Keywords
- gestational diabetes mellitus, maternal obesity, genetic and environmental risk factors, maternal type 2 diabetes, GDM screening, lifestyle intervention, pharmacotherapy, fetal outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Female, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Newborn, Diseases, Obstetric Labor Complications, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Diabetes, Gestational, Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced, Diabetes Complications
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