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From contextual fear to a dynamic view of memory systems
Open accessAbstract
The brain does not learn and remember in a unitary fashion. Rather, different circuits specialize in certain classes of problems and encode different types of information. Damage to one of these systems typically results in amnesia only for the form of memory that is the specialty of the affected region. However, the question of how the brain allocates a specific category of memory to a particular circuit has received little attention. The currently dominant view (multiple memory systems theory) assumes that such abilities are hard wired. Using fear conditioning as a paradigmatic case, I propose an alternative model in which mnemonic processing is allocated to specific circuits through a dynamic process. Potential circuits compete to form memories, with the most efficient circuits emerging as winners. However, alternate circuits compensate when these 'primary' circuits are compromised.
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“Likewise, the hippocampus, known for its contextual sensitivity (Fanselow, 2010; Hirsh, 1974, Rudy, 2009, Fanselow, 2010), helps encode episodic and emotional information that arises during motivationally relevant events.”
From Adolescent neurobiological susceptibility to social context (2016) · cites this paper as Fanselow, 2010
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Metadata
- Authors
- Fanselow, M. S.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fanselow, Michael S.
- ORCID
- Fanselow, Michael S.
- Venue
- Trends in Cognitive Sciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 7-15
- ISSN
- 1364-6613 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2818345
- OpenAlex
- W2041659763
- Cited by
- 227
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 0.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Trends in Cognitive Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH062122, MH62122)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- contextual fear, fear conditioning, memory systems, memory allocation, memory compensation, amnesia, memory encoding
- MeSH terms
- Conditioning, Psychological, Fear, Humans, Judgment, Memory, Models, Psychological
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