The DOI matches its Crossref record; 191 of the 191 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
From Knowing to Remembering: The Semantic–Episodic Distinction
Open accessAbstract
The distinction between episodic and semantic memory was first proposed in 1972 by Endel Tulving and is still of central importance in cognitive neuroscience. However, data obtained over the past 30 years or so support the idea that the frontiers between perception and knowledge and between episodic and semantic memory are not as clear cut as previously thought, prompting a rethink of the episodic-semantic distinction. Here, we review recent research on episodic and semantic memory, highlighting similarities between the two systems. Taken together, current behavioral, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging data are compatible with the idea that episodic and semantic memory are inextricably intertwined, yet retain a measure of distinctiveness, despite the fact that their neural correlates demonstrate considerable overlap.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
REMEMBERING: A STUDY IN EXPERIMENTAL AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
Bartlett, F. C., & Burt, C. (1933) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8279.1933.tb02913.x · Cited by 7,475
Construal-level theory of psychological distance.
Trope, Y., & Liberman, N. (2010) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/a0018963 · Cited by 6,618
(1983) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 6,051
Barsalou, L. W. (2008) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.59.103006.093639 · Cited by 5,936 · cited 1×
“That is, to bring the exemplar to mind is to reinstate (‘simulate’ [16]) the patterns of neural activity that would exist were the exemplar actually present in the environment (sometimes with an ‘anterior shift’, such that the activity linked with retrieval of conceptual knowledge is localized…”
BackgroundMemory and the hippocampus: A synthesis from findings with rats, monkeys, and humans.
Squire, L. R. (1992) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.99.2.195 · Cited by 5,376
McClelland, J. L., McNaughton, B. L., & O'Reilly, R. C. (1995) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.102.3.419 · Cited by 5,256
Episodic memory: from mind to brain
Tulving, E. (2002) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135114 · Cited by 4,950
Tulving, E. (1985) · Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne · doi:10.1037/h0080017 · Cited by 4,638
Binder, J. R., Desai, R. H., Graves, W. W., & Conant, L. L. (2009) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhp055 · Cited by 4,060
The Nature of Recollection and Familiarity: A Review of 30 Years of Research
Yonelinas, A. P. (2002) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1006/jmla.2002.2864 · Cited by 3,840
Cited by
A unifying account of angular gyrus contributions to episodic and semantic cognition
Humphreys, G. F., Lambon Ralph, M. A., & Simons, J. S. (2021) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2021.01.006 · Cited by 220
Gilboa, A., & Moscovitch, M. (2021) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2021.04.025 · Cited by 174
Self-citationConsciousness as a memory system.
Budson, A. E., Richman, K. A., & Kensinger, E. A. (2022) · Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology · doi:10.1097/wnn.0000000000000319 · Cited by 66
Tracking the relation between gist and item memory over the course of long-term memory consolidation
Zeng, T., Tompary, A., Schapiro, A. C., & Thompson-Schill, S. L. (2021) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.65588 · Cited by 40
Moscovitch, M., & Gilboa, A. (2022) · Faculty Reviews · doi:10.12703/r/11-33 · Cited by 27
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Renoult, L., Irish, M., Moscovitch, M., & Rugg, M. D.
- Venue
- Trends in Cognitive Sciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-12
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1041-1057
- ISSN
- 1364-6613 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2981452806
- Cited by
- 341
- References
- 191
- FWCI
- 4.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: From Knowing to Remembering: The Semantic–Episodic Distinction. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.tics.2019.09.008
- The paper
- Renoult, L., Irish, M., Moscovitch, M., & Rugg, M. D. (2019). From Knowing to Remembering: The Semantic–Episodic Distinction. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2019.09.008
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
