Cited by 142Probiotics and Fermented FoodsImmune responses and vaccinationsAquaculture disease management and microbiota

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The influence of probiotics on vaccine responses—A systematic review

Zimmermann, Petra, Curtis, Nigel·2018·Vaccine

DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.08.069

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Abstract

The immunomodulatory effects of probiotics may influence the response to vaccines. We systematically reviewed prospective randomised placebo-controlled studies in humans that have investigated the effect of probiotics on humoral vaccine responses. We found 26 studies, involving 3812 participants, investigating the effect of 40 different probiotic strains on the response to 17 different vaccines. A beneficial effect of probiotics was reported in about half of the studies. The evidence for a beneficial effect of probiotics on vaccine response was strongest for oral vaccinations and for parenteral influenza vaccination. However, there was substantial variation between studies in the choice of probiotic, strain, dose, viability, purity, and duration and timing of administration. The one study that investigated the effect of probiotic administration to mothers during pregnancy found lower vaccine responses in their infants. The studies in our review suggest that probiotics offer a relatively cheap intervention to improve vaccine efficacy and duration of protection. Future studies should focus on establishing optimal strains, doses and timing of administration in relation to vaccination.

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Authors: Zimmermann, P., & Curtis, N.
Affiliations: Royal Children's Hospital (AU)
Corresponding author: Zimmermann, Petra
ORCID: Zimmermann, Petra
Curtis, Nigel
Venue: Vaccine
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2018-01
Volume: 36
Issue: 2
Pages: 207-213
ISSN: 0264-410X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.08.069
OpenAlex: W2755772860
Cited by: 142
References: 62
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 11
FWCI: 1.21
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Vaccine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
Keywords: probiotics, vaccine response, humoral immunity, immunomodulation, oral immunization, influenza vaccination, probiotic strains, vaccine efficacy, duration of protection
MeSH terms: Humans, Placebos, Vaccines, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Probiotics, Immunity, Humoral

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The influence of probiotics on vaccine responses—A systematic review

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