Efficacy of a single dose of a novel topical combination product containing eprinomectin to prevent heartworm infection in cats
Open accessAbstract
Cats may be infected by heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis, through mosquito bites. They can develop severe heartworm disease when infective D. immitis larvae migrate and develop into adults in the pulmonary vasculature or other tissues. As there is no curative treatment for feline heartworm infection, the monthly administration of preventative treatment is recommended in endemic areas. Three controlled, blinded laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the preventative efficacy of BROADLINE(®), a novel combination of fipronil, (S)-methoprene, eprinomectin, and praziquantel against D. immitis in cats. In each study, 28 cats were inoculated with approximately 100 (studies 1 and 2) or 40 (study 3) infective third stage D. immitis larvae by subcutaneous injection, thirty days prior to treatment. The larvae were from recent field isolates from naturally infected dogs from three distinct geographic areas (two in the USA and one in Europe). In each study, the cats were allocated randomly to two study groups of 14 cats each. The control group remained untreated. On Day 0, each cat in the treated group received one topical application of the novel topical formulation, delivering the minimum intended dose of 0.5mg of eprinomectin per kilogram of body weight. At 6 months after infection, all cats were humanely euthanized and examined for adult D. immitis. Across all three studies, 28 (68%) of the 41 untreated cats harbored one or more heartworms, while 100% of the 42 treated cats remained free of heartworm infection, demonstrating the 100% preventive efficacy of BROADLINE(®) against D. immitis in cats. The treatment was well tolerated and no health abnormality was observed in any treated cat.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Prevention of heartworm infection is attainable in cats by routine administration of macrocyclic lactones, including eprinomectin and milbemycin oxime.
“Anyway, prevention of heartworm infection is attainable in cats by the routine administration of macrocyclic lactones, including eprinomectin and milbemycin oxime [37, 38].”
From Survey of Dirofilaria immitis antigen and antibodies to Leishmania infantum and Toxoplasma gondii in cats from Madeira Island, Portugal (2020) · cites this paper as [37]
Five preventive drugs are currently available for cats and are given monthly orally or topically as spot-ons.
“Five preventive drugs are currently available for cats and are given monthly orally or topically as spot-ons (Table 1).25,63-65”
From Dirofilarioses in cats: European guidelines from the ABCD on prevention and management (2020) · cites this paper as [63]
Cites
Wood, I. B., Amaral, N. K., Bairden, K., Duncan, J. L., Kassai, T., Malone, J. B., Pankavich, J. A., Reinecke, R. K., Slocombe, O., Taylor, S. M., et al. (1995) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/0304-4017(95)00806-2 · Cited by 668 · see citing works
Chapter 4 Heartworm Disease in Animals and Humans
McCall, J. W., Genchi, C., Kramer, L. H., Guerrero, J., & Venco, L. (2008) · Advances in Parasitology · doi:10.1016/s0065-308x(08)00204-2 · Cited by 609 · see citing works
Self-citationInternational harmonisation of Anthelmintic Efficacy Guidelines
Vercruysse, J., Holdsworth, P., Letonja, T., et al. (2001) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(00)00443-x · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Eprinomectin: A novel avermectin for use as a topical endectocide for cattle
Shoop, W. L., Egerton, J. R., Eary, C. H., Haines, H. W., Michael, B. F., Mrozik, H., Eskola, P., Fisher, M. H., Slayton, L., Ostlind, D. A., et al. (1996) · International Journal for Parasitology · doi:10.1016/s0020-7519(96)00123-3 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Jacobs, D. E., Arakawa, A., Courtney, C. H., GEMMELL, M. A., McCall, J. W., Myers, G. H., & Vanparijs, O. (1994) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/0304-4017(94)90110-4 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Self-citationFeline heartworm disease: A clinical review
Litster, A. L., & Atwell, R. B. (2008) · Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jfms.2007.09.007 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Heartworm infection in cats: 50 cases (1985–1997)
Atkins, C. E., DeFrancesco, T. C., Coats, J. R., Sidley, J. A., & Keene, B. W. (2000) · Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association · doi:10.2460/javma.2000.217.355 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium '80
Eberhard, M. L. (1982) · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1982.31.1069 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
International harmonisation of anthelmintic efficacy guidelines (Part 2)
Vercruysse, J., Holdsworth, P. A., Letonja, T., Conder, G. A., Hamamoto, K., Okano, K., & Rehbein, S. (2002) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(01)00615-x · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Venco, L., Genchi, M., Genchi, C., Gatti, D., & Kramer, L. (2011) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.01.013 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Prevalence of feline heartworm disease - a global review.
Ryan, W. G., Newcomb, K. M., Soll, M. D., & KNIGHT, D. H. (1995) · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Heartworm Infection in Cats From Northern Florida
Levy, J. K., Snyder, P. S., Taveres, L. M., Hooks, J. L., Pegelow, M. J., Slater, M. R., Hughes, K. L., & Salute, M. E. (2003) · Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association · doi:10.5326/0390533 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
McTier, T. L., Shanks, D. J., Watson, P., et al. (2000) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(00)00297-1 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Pitt, S. R., Langholff, W. K., Eagleson, J. S., et al. (1997) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(97)00035-6 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Williams, J. C., Stuedemann, J. A., Bairden, K., et al. (1997) · American Journal of Veterinary Research · doi:10.2460/ajvr.1997.58.04.379 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Eprinomectin: a novel avermectin for control of lice in all classes of cattle
Holste, J. E., Smith, L. L., Hair, J. A., et al. (1997) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(97)00063-0 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Efficacy of eprinomectin against Hypoderma spp in cattle
Holste, J. E., Colwell, D. D., Kumar, R. V. S., et al. (1998) · American Journal of Veterinary Research · doi:10.2460/ajvr.1998.59.01.56 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Prevalence of exposure to Dirofilaria immitis in cats in multiple areas of the United States.
Miller, M. W., Atkins, C. E., Stemme, K., Robertson-Plouch, C. K., & Guerrero, J. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Pancreatic Fibrosis Associated with Zinc Toxicosis in a Dog
Shaw, D. P., Collins, J. E., & Murphy, M. J. (1991) · Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation · doi:10.1177/104063879100300119 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Kvaternick, V., Kellermann, M., Knaus, M., et al. (2014) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.02.031 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Genchi, C., Cody, R., Pengo, G., Büscher, G., Cavalleri, D., Bucci, V., & Junquera, P. (2004) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.04.011 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Prevalence of Dirofilaria Immitis in Cats and Dogs in Eastern Tennessee
Patton, S., & McCracken, M. D. (1991) · Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation · doi:10.1177/104063879100300118 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Efficacy of eprinomectin against Linognathus vituli and Bovicola bovis on calves
Rehbein, S., Pollmeier, M., Pitt, S. R., et al. (2005) · Veterinary Record · doi:10.1136/vr.156.4.112 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationMilbemycin oxime as an effective preventative of heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infection in cats
Stewart, V., Blagburn, B. L., Hendrix, C. M., et al. (1992) · Cited by 6 · see citing works
[Productivity of cows in latent mastitis].
Nm, K. (1969) · PubMed · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Dirofilarioses in cats: European guidelines from the ABCD on prevention and management
Pennisi, M. G., Tasker, S., Hartmann, K., Belák, S., Addie, D., Boucraut-Baralon, C., Egberink, H., Frymus, T., Hofmann-Lehmann, R., Hosie, M., et al. (2020) · Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery · doi:10.1177/1098612x20917601 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Neves, M., Lopes, A. P., Martins, C., Fino, R., Paixão, C., Damil, L., Lima, C., Alho, A. M., Schallig, H. D. F. H., Dubey, J. P., et al. (2020) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/s13071-020-3988-4 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
- Authors
- Baker, C. F., Tielemans, E., Pollmeier, M. G., McCall, J. W., McCall, S. D., Irwin, J., Chester, S. T., Carithers, D. S., & Rosentel, J. K.
- Corresponding author
- Baker, Christine F.
- ORCID
- Tielemans, Eric
- Venue
- Veterinary Parasitology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-04
- Volume
- 202
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 49-53
- ISSN
- 0304-4017 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2082284507
- Cited by
- 14
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Veterinary Parasitology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Keywords
- feline heartworm disease, Dirofilaria immitis, eprinomectin, fipronil, (S)-methoprene, praziquantel, heartworm prevention, cats, prophylaxis efficacy, larval infection
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antiparasitic Agents, Cat Diseases, Cats, Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilariasis, Drug Combinations, Female, Ivermectin, Male, Methoprene, Praziquantel, Pyrazoles, Random Allocation, Treatment Outcome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
