The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Export of microplastics from land to sea. A modelling approach
Open accessAbstract
Quantifying the transport of plastic debris from river to sea is crucial for assessing the risks of plastic debris to human health and the environment. We present a global modelling approach to analyse the composition and quantity of point-source microplastic fluxes from European rivers to the sea. The model accounts for different types and sources of microplastics entering river systems via point sources. We combine information on these sources with information on sewage management and plastic retention during river transport for the largest European rivers. Sources of microplastics include personal care products, laundry, household dust and tyre and road wear particles (TRWP). Most of the modelled microplastics exported by rivers to seas are synthetic polymers from TRWP (42%) and plastic-based textiles abraded during laundry (29%). Smaller sources are synthetic polymers and plastic fibres in household dust (19%) and microbeads in personal care products (10%). Microplastic export differs largely among European rivers, as a result of differences in socio-economic development and technological status of sewage treatment facilities. About two-thirds of the microplastics modelled in this study flow into the Mediterranean and Black Sea. This can be explained by the relatively low microplastic removal efficiency of sewage treatment plants in the river basins draining into these two seas. Sewage treatment is generally more efficient in river basins draining into the North Sea, the Baltic Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. We use our model to explore future trends up to the year 2050. Our scenarios indicate that in the future river export of microplastics may increase in some river basins, but decrease in others. Remarkably, for many basins we calculate a reduction in river export of microplastics from point-sources, mainly due to an anticipated improvement in sewage treatment.
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Cites
Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean
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Microplastics as contaminants in the marine environment: A review
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River plastic emissions to the world’s oceans
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Plastic and Human Health: A Micro Issue?
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Plastic debris in the open ocean
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“Secondary microplastics originate from larger plastic materials 62 and are formed from the breakdown of macroplastics through photodegradation and mechanical 63 abrasion of marine debris into small plastic particles (Gewert et al 2015).”
Background
Cited by
Anthropogenic stresses on the world’s big rivers
Best, J. (2019) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/s41561-018-0262-x · Cited by 1,315
Quantifying ecological risks of aquatic micro- and nanoplastic
Besseling, E., Redondo-Hasselerharm, P., Foekema, E. M., & Koelmans, A. A. (2019) · Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/10643389.2018.1531688 · Cited by 564
Self-citationLee, Y. K., Murphy, K. R., & Hur, J. (2020) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c00942 · Cited by 380
Luo, Z., Zhou, X., Su, Y., Wang, H., Yu, R., Zhou, S., Xu, E. G., & Xing, B. (2021) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148902 · Cited by 314
Leads, R. R., & Weinstein, J. E. (2019) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.061 · Cited by 283
Metadata
- Authors
- Siegfried, M., Koelmans, A. A., Besseling, E., & Kroeze, C.
- Venue
- Water Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-12
- Volume
- 127
- Pages
- 249-257
- ISSN
- 0043-1354 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2763669657
- Cited by
- 594
- References
- 43
- FWCI
- 13.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
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