The DOI matches its Crossref record; 188 of the 188 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Sexual differences in the control of energy homeostasis
Open accessAbstract
The prevalence of obesity has reached epidemic proportion with enormous costs in both human lives and healthcare dollars spent. Obesity-related metabolic disorders are much lower in premenopausal women than men; however, there is a dramatic increase following menopause in women. The health risks associated with obesity vary depending on the location of adipose tissue. Adipose tissue distributed in the abdominal visceral carry a much greater risk for metabolic disorders than does adipose tissue distributed subcutaneously. There are distinct sex-dependent differences in the regional fat distribution, women carry more fat subcutaneously whereas men carry more fat viscerally. Males and females differ with respect to their regulation of energy homeostasis. Peripheral adiposity hormones such as leptin and insulin as well as sex hormones directly influence energy balance. Sexual dimorphisms in energy balance, body fat distribution, and the role sex hormones have in mediating these differences are the focus of this review.
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“Estrogen actions in hypothalamic nuclei differentially control food intake, energy expenditure, and white adipose tissue distribution [22,66,67].”
From International society of sports nutrition position stand: nutritional concerns of the female athlete (2023) · cites this paper as [22]
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“Significant sex differences and sex hormone influences on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism are apparent”
From International society of sports nutrition position stand: nutritional concerns of the female athlete (2023) · cites this paper as [22]
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“important sex differences exist in mitochondrial function [14–16], substrate utilization, and insulin sensitivity [17–24], immune responses [25–28], muscle morphology and body composition [29–32], iron metabolism [33–40], thermoregulation [41–44], hydration [45,46]{Sims, 2008 #55, [47–53], appetite control [54–59], and energy availability and endocrine function [60–65].”
From International society of sports nutrition position stand: nutritional concerns of the female athlete (2023) · cites this paper as [22]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Shi, H., Seeley, R. J., & Clegg, D. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Cincinnati (US)
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Clegg, Deborah J.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-08
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 396-404
- ISSN
- 0091-3022 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4517605
- OpenAlex
- W2073795741
- Cited by
- 242
- References
- 187
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 2.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK73689, R01DK073689, F32DK075255)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- sexual dimorphism, energy homeostasis, obesity, menopause, sex hormones, leptin, insulin, visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue, regional fat distribution, energy balance, metabolic disorders
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Energy Metabolism, Estrogens, Female, Homeostasis, Humans, Male, Metabolic Diseases, Models, Biological, Obesity, Sex Characteristics, Body Fat Distribution
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