Conditioned defeat in male and female syrian hamsters
Abstract
A brief exposure to social defeat in male Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) leads to profound changes in the subsequent agonistic behavior exhibited by the defeated animals. Following defeat in the home cage of an aggressive conspecific, male hamsters will subsequently fail to defend their home territory even if the intruder is a smaller, nonaggressive male. This phenomenon has been called conditioned defeat. In Experiment 1, we examined the duration of conditioned defeat by repeatedly testing (every 3-5 days) defeated hamsters with a nonaggressive intruder. We found that conditioned defeat occurs in all defeated male hamsters and persists for a prolonged period of time (at least 33 days) in the majority of male hamsters tested despite the fact that these animals are never attacked by the nonaggressive intruders. In Experiment 2, we examined whether conditioned defeat could be induced in female Syrian hamsters. While conditioned defeat occurred in some females, they displayed only low levels of submissive/defensive behavior and, in contrast to males, the conditioned defeat response did not persist beyond the first test. These results suggest that in male hamsters conditioned defeat is a profound, persistent behavioral change characterized by a total absence of territorial aggression and by the frequent display of submissive and defensive behaviors. Conversely, social defeat in female hamsters does not appear to induce long-term behavioral changes. Finally, in Experiment…
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The conditioned defeat phenotype induced by social defeat in California mice is similar to that in hamsters.
“similar to hamsters (103).”
From Sexual differentiation of neural mechanisms of stress sensitivity during puberty (2023) · cites this paper as [103]
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- Authors
- Huhman, K. L., Solomon, M. B., Janicki, M., Harmon, A. C., Lin, S. M., Israel, J. E., & Jasnow, A. M.
- Affiliations
- Georgia State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Huhman, Kim L
- Venue
- Hormones and Behavior
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-09
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 293-299
- ISSN
- 0018-506X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2157670485
- Cited by
- 239
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 3.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Hormones and Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (1f31mh012907-01a1)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH062044, MH12907, MH 62044)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Keywords
- social defeat, golden hamster, territorial aggression, sex differences, submissiveness, defensive behavior, plasma ACTH, ACTH
- MeSH terms
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Aggression, Animals, Behavior, Animal, Conditioning, Psychological, Female, Cricetinae, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Male, Mesocricetus, Sex Characteristics
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