Adrenocortical Function in the Hamster: Sex Differences and Effects of Gonadal Hormones1

GASKIN, JOE H.; KITAY, JULIAN I.

doi:10.1210/endo-87-4-779

Cited by 76Adrenal Hormones and DisordersStress Responses and CortisolEstrogen and related hormone effects

Adrenocortical Function in the Hamster: Sex Differences and Effects of Gonadal Hormones1

GASKIN, JOE H., KITAY, JULIAN I.·1970·Endocrinology

DOI 10.1210/endo-87-4-779

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Abstract

Adrenal weight is greater in the male hamster than in the female, a sex difference opposite that in other rodent species. Prepuberal gonadectomy results in decreased adrenal weight in both sexes; testosterone or estradiol replacement restores the weight to the control level. Sex differences in adrenocortical function accompany those in weight, with the male having higher plasma corticosteroids, greater steroid output in vitro by adrenal slices or homogenates, and greater steroid secretion in vivo than the female.Hepatic metabolism of cortisol in vitro is greater and biological half-life (t½) of cortisol is shorter in the male. Prepuberal orchiectomy results in decreased plasma corticosteroids at rest and after ether stress, decreased steroid output in vitro by adrenal slices and homogenates, and decreased steroid secretion in vivo compared with the intact male. Hepatic metabolism of cortisol in vitro is decreased and the t½ of cortisol is prolonged after orchiectomy. Testosterone replacement reverses or prevents the effects of orchiectomy. Prepuberal ovariectomy fails to result in any significant alteration of adrenocortical function in these studies. Testosterone administration to ovariectomized hamsters results in increased adrenal weight and increased steroid output by adrenal slices, but estradiol administration to orchiectomized hamsters has no significant effect on adrenal weight or steroid output by adrenal slices. These data indicate that testosterone stimulates adrenocortical secretion in the hamster, either as the result of increased secretion of ACTH or through a direct effect on the adrenal cortex. Alternatively, the hepatic effect may be primary, resulting in decreased negative feedback on the hypothalamus or anterior pituitary gland and subsequently increased secretion of ACTH. The absence of any effect of estradiol on adrenocortical secretion in the hamster is in contrast with previous findings in the rat. The influence of testosterone on adrenocortical function in the hamster is strikingly similar to that of estradiol in the rat. (Endocrinology 87: 779,1970)

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Authors: GASKIN, J. H., & KITAY, J. I.
Affiliations: University of Virginia (US)
Venue: Endocrinology
Publisher: The Endocrine Society
Published: 1970-10
Volume: 87
Issue: 4
Pages: 779-786
ISSN: 0013-7227 (ISSN-L)
1945-7170
DOI: 10.1210/endo-87-4-779
OpenAlex: W1975058795
Cited by: 76
References: 2
Citations by year: 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 2.09
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
Keywords: adrenocortical function, sex differences, gonadal hormones, testosterone, estradiol, adrenal weight, orchiectomy, ovariectomy, corticosteroid secretion, ACTH, negative feedback, hamster
MeSH terms: Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Adrenal Glands, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Animals, Body Weight, Castration, Estradiol, Female, Glucosyltransferases, Cricetinae, Hydrocortisone, Liver, Male, Organ Size, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Secretory Rate, Sex Factors, Testosterone, Time Factors, In Vitro Techniques

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Adrenocortical Function in the Hamster: Sex Differences and Effects of Gonadal Hormones1

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