How can schools help youth increase physical activity? An economic analysis comparing school-based programs
Abstract
Objective For optimal health, physical activity should be an integral and routine part of daily life. Youth spend a significant amount of time at school yet rarely achieve the recommended 60 min of moderate and vigorous physical activity in physical education (PE) classes or recess. This study assessed the following types of school-based opportunities to improve physical activity for youth: after-school programs, before-school programs, PE classes, extended-day PE, and short physical activity breaks during the school day. Method An economic analysis conducted in 2013 compared school-based approaches to increasing physical activity. Analysis factors included costs, reach, effects on physical activity gains, cost-effectiveness, and other potentially augmenting benefits. Results Two programs were significantly superior in terms of reach and cost per student: (1) extending the school day with mandatory PE participation and (2) offering short (10-minute) physical activity breaks during regular classroom hours. After-school program costs per student are high and the programs have a smaller reach, but they offer benefits (such as childcare) that may justify their higher costs. Before-school programs did not appear feasible. Conclusion Incorporating short physical activity breaks into the existing school day would be a cost-effective way to increase school-based activity. This type of program is inexpensive and has broad reach. Inserting activity breaks throughout the day is appropriate, especially when youth are otherwise largely sedentary.
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Schools offer a unique environment to positively influence children's physical activity levels.
“Schools offer a unique environment to influence children’s physical activity (PA) levels positively.”
From The Effects of Physical Activity on Academic Performance in School-Aged Children: A Systematic Review (2023) · cites this paper as [13]
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- Authors
- Babey, S. H., Wu, S., & Cohen, D.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- University of Southern California (US)
- RAND Corporation (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wu, Shinyi
- Venue
- Preventive Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-12
- Volume
- 69
- Pages
- S55-S60
- ISSN
- 0091-7435 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2094945937
- Cited by
- 50
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 3.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (R01HL104213)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › School Health and Nursing Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- children's physical activity, school programs, cost-effectiveness, after-school programs, physical education, extended school day, physical activity breaks, recess, program reach, sedentary youth
- MeSH terms
- Cost-Benefit Analysis, Health Policy, Humans, Motor Activity, Physical Education and Training, School Health Services, Schools
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