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Cited by 95Cardiovascular Health and Disease PreventionNon-Invasive Vital Sign MonitoringRenal and Vascular Pathologies

Vascular abnormalities associated with long-term cigarette smoking identified by arterial waveform analysis

McVeigh, Gary E., Morgan, Dennis J., Finkelstein, Stanley M., Lemay, Lisa A., Cohn, Jay N.·1997·The American Journal of Medicine
DOI 10.1016/s0002-9343(96)00454-8
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Abstract

Purpose Consistent changes in the arterial pulse contour are found with aging and disease states that impair the compliance characteristics of blood vessels that buffer pulsatile phenomena in the arterial tree. We assessed whether vascular adaptation in structure or tone of blood vessels associated with long-term cigarette smoking would influence steady state or pulsatile hemodynamics at a preclinical stage.Patients and methods We analyzed intraarterial brachial artery waveforms in 35 healthy long-term cigarette smokers and 32 nonsmoking control subjects matched for age and gender. The diastolic pressure decay was segmented into two components: an exponential decay that reflects the compliance characteristics of the large arteries and an oscillatory diastolic waveform generated principally by pulse-wave reflections from small arteries and arterioles.Results Resting heart rate was higher in smokers than nonsmokers, mean +/- SD (66 +/- 9 versus 60 +/- 10; P < 0.05). Systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures were lower in smokers compared with nonsmokers (P < 0.01 for all). No differences in cardiac output, large artery compliance, or systemic vascular resistance estimates where apparent between groups. A decrease in the amplitude and duration of the diastolic wave, produced by peripheral pulse-wave reflections in the arterial system, was found in smokers compared with nonsmokers (0.04 +/- 0.02 versus 0.7 +/- 0.03; P < 0.001).Conclusions Quantitative changes in the arterial waveform were found in long-term smokers compared with nonsmoking control subjects. The altered arterial wave shape marks the presence of abnormal structure or tone in the peripheral vasculature that affects pulsatile arterial function. This measure of vascular injury is detectable at a preclinical stage and may relate to the subsequent risk of morbid events in chronic smokers and aid in clinical risk stratification.

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Crossref · 10.1016/s0002-9343(96)00454-8

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  • Chronic arterial stiffness is associated particularly with increased systolic rather than diastolic pressure.

    “Chronic arterial stiffness is associated particularly with increased systolic rather than diastolic pres-”

    From Acute Effect of Caffeine on Arterial Stiffness and Aortic Pressure Waveform (2001) · cites this paper as [13]

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Authors
McVeigh, G. E., Morgan, D. J., Finkelstein, S. M., Lemay, L. A., & Cohn, J. N.
Affiliations
University of Minnesota (US)
Corresponding author
McVeigh, Gary E.
ORCID
Cohn, Jay N.
Venue
The American Journal of Medicine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1997-03
Volume
102
Issue
3
Pages
227-231
ISSN
0002-9343 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0002-9343(96)00454-8
OpenAlex
W2049492413
Cited by
95
References
32
Citations by year
2024: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2012: 2
FWCI
1.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • The American Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Renal and Vascular Pathologies
Keywords
arterial pulse wave, pulse wave reflection, arterial compliance, peripheral vascular tone, resting heart rate, arterial pressure, cardiovascular risk stratification
MeSH terms
Adult, Brachial Artery, Diastole, Female, Heart Function Tests, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pulse, Reference Values, Smoking, Time Factors, Vascular Resistance

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