The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The effects of epidural analgesia on labor, maternal, and neonatal outcomes: A systematic review
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Meta-analysis in clinical trials
DerSimonian, R., & Laird, N. (1986) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/0197-2456(86)90046-2 · Cited by 39,552
Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: Is blinding necessary?
Jadad, A. R., Moore, R. A., Carroll, D., Jenkinson, C., Reynolds, D. J. M., Gavaghan, D. J., & McQuay, H. J. (1996) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/0197-2456(95)00134-4 · Cited by 17,582
Thorp, J. A., Hu, D. H., Albin, R. M., McNitt, J., Meyer, B. A., Cohen, G. R., & Yeast, J. D. (1993) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(93)90015-b · Cited by 444
Risk factors in childbirth causing damage to the pelvic floor innervation
Snooks, S. J., Swash, M., Henry, M. M., & Setchell, M. (1986) · International Journal of Colorectal Disease · doi:10.1007/bf01648831 · Cited by 421
Epidural Analgesia, Intrapartum Fever, and Neonatal Sepsis Evaluation
Lieberman, E., Lang, J. M., Frigoletto, F., Richardson, D. K., Ringer, S. A., & Cohen, A. (1997) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.99.3.415 · Cited by 328
Randomized trial of epidural versus intravenous analgesia during labor
RAMIN, S., GAMBLING, D., LUCAS, M., SHARMA, S., ELAINESIDAWI, J., & LEVENO, K. (1995) · Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0029-7844(95)00269-w · Cited by 312
Effect of Epidural vs Parenteral Opioid Analgesia on the Progress of Labor: A Meta-analysis
Halpern, S. H., Leighton, B. L., Ohlsson, A., Barrett, J. F. R., & Rice, A. (1998) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.280.24.2105 · Cited by 264
Self-citationSharma, S. K., Sidawi, E. J., Ramin, S. M., Lucas, M. J., Leveno, K. J., & Cunningham, G. F. (1997) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/00000542-199709000-00006 · Cited by 227
Epidural anaesthesia and long term backache after childbirth.
MacArthur, C., Lewis, M., Knox, E. G., & Crawford, J. S. (1990) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.301.6742.9 · Cited by 196
Association of epidural analgesia with cesarean delivery in nulliparas
LIEBERMAN, E., MLANG, J., COHEN, A., DAGOSTINOJR, R., DATTA, S., & DFRIGOLETTOJR, F. (1996) · Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(96)00359-6 · Cited by 172
Cited by
Pain management for women in labour: an overview of systematic reviews
Jones, L., Othman, M., Dowswell, T., Alfirevic, Z., Gates, S., Newburn, M., Jordan, S., Lavender, T., & Neilson, J. P. (2012) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009234.pub2 · Cited by 608
Anaesthesia for caesarean section and neonatal acid-base status: a meta-analysis
Reynolds, F., & Seed, P. T. (2005) · Anaesthesia · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.2005.04223.x · Cited by 266
Neuraxial analgesia in labour and the foetus
Kearns, R. J., & Lucas, D. N. (2023) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology · doi:10.1016/j.bpa.2023.02.005 · Cited by 21
Deepak, D., Kumari, A., Mohanty, R., Prakash, J., Kumar, T., & Priye, S. (2022) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.26090 · Cited by 15
Metadata
- Authors
- Leighton, B. L., & Halpern, S. H.
- Venue
- American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-05
- Volume
- 186
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- S69-S77
- ISSN
- 0002-9378 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1968135559
- Cited by
- 297
- References
- 30
- FWCI
- 2.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The effects of epidural analgesia on labor, maternal, and neonatal outcomes: A systematic review. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/s0002-9378(02)70182-8
- The paper
- Leighton, B. L., & Halpern, S. H. (2002). The effects of epidural analgesia on labor, maternal, and neonatal outcomes: A systematic review. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(02)70182-8
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.