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Cited by 198Reproductive tract infections researchAntifungal resistance and susceptibilityPreterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis

Epidemiology and outcomes associated with moderate to heavy Candida colonization during pregnancy

Cotch, Mary Frances, Hillier, Sharon L., Gibbs, Ronald S., Eschenbach, David A.·1998·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
DOI 10.1016/s0002-9378(98)80028-8
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Abstract

Objective Our purpose was to determine the risk factors, physical findings, microflora, and pregnancy outcome among pregnant women with moderate to heavy vaginal growth of Candida albicans and other Candida species.Study design A multicenter cohort of 13,914 women were enrolled between 23 and 26 weeks' gestation. Women completed a questionnaire, underwent a physical examination, and had genital specimens taken for culture. A subset of 1459 women were reexamined during the third trimester. Pregnancy outcomes were recorded at delivery.Results The prevalence of moderate to heavy Candida colonization at midgestation was 10%. Colonized women, 83% of whom carried C. albicans, were more likely to be black or Hispanic, unmarried, a previous oral contraceptive user, and to manifest clinical signs indicative of Candida carriage. Candida colonization was positively associated with Trichomonas vaginalis, group B streptococci, and aerobic Lactobacillus and was not associated with adverse pregnancy outcome.Conclusion These results suggest that Candida colonization is not associated with low birth weight or preterm delivery.

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  • In non-invasive candidiasis, black or African American women were more likely (11.5%) to have colonization from Candida spp. compared to Hispanic (9.8%) or white women (8.5%).

    “In cases of non-invasive candidiasis, black or African American women were more likely (11.5%) to have colonization from Candida spp. compared to Hispanic (9.8%) or white women (8.5%) [115].”

    From Race and ethnicity: Risk factors for fungal infections? (2023) · cites this paper as [115]

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Authors
Cotch, M. F., Hillier, S. L., Gibbs, R. S., & Eschenbach, D. A.
Affiliations
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (US)
  • University of Washington (US)
  • The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center (US)
ORCID
Venue
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1998-02
Volume
178
Issue
2
Pages
374-380
ISSN
0002-9378 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0002-9378(98)80028-8
OpenAlex
W2019393533
Cited by
198
References
25
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 8
FWCI
2.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (Z99 EY999999)
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI 42532)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD-3-2836, HD3-2832)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Reproductive tract infections research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis
Keywords
Candida albicans, vaginal candidiasis, Candida colonization, pregnancy, pregnancy outcomes, low birth weight, preterm birth, risk factors, Trichomonas vaginalis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Lactobacillus, vaginal microbiota, oral contraceptive use
MeSH terms
Animals, Candida albicans, Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal, Contraceptives, Oral, Female, Gestational Age, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Lactobacillus, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Pregnancy Outcome, Prospective Studies, Streptococcus agalactiae, Trichomonas vaginalis, Vagina, Cohort Studies, Marital Status, Black People

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