Cited by 382Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchTraumatic Brain Injury ResearchChild Abuse and Trauma

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Reduced hippocampal volume and total white matter volume in posttraumatic stress disorder

Villarreal, Gerardo, Hamilton, Derek A, Petropoulos, Helen, Driscoll, Ira, Rowland, Laura M, Griego, Jaqueline A, Kodituwakku, Piyadasa W, Hart, Blaine L, Escalona, Rodrigo, Brooks, William M·2002·Biological Psychiatry

DOI 10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01359-8

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background Reduced hippocampal volumes in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients are thought to reflect specific changes of this structure. Previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have not consistently examined indices of overall brain atrophy, therefore it cannot be completely ruled out that hippocampal changes are explained by whole-brain atrophy. The purpose of this study was to assess hippocampal and whole-brain volume in civilian PTSD. Methods Twelve subjects with PTSD and 10 control subjects underwent brain MRI. Hippocampal volumes were visually quantified using a computerized volumetric program. Whole-brain volumes were obtained with automated k-means-based segmentation. Results No differences were found in intracranial volumes (ICV). Subjects with PTSD had higher cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/ICV ratios and lower white matter/ICV ratios, consistent with generalized white matter (WM) atrophy. The effect of age on CSF/ICV was more pronounced in the PTSD group. Subjects with PTSD had smaller absolute and normalized bilateral hippocampal volumes. These differences persisted after adjusting for lifetime weeks of alcohol intoxication. Posttraumatic stress disorder and depression scores correlated negatively with left hippocampal volume, but PTSD scores were a better predictor of hippocampal volumes. Conclusions Our results replicate previous findings of reduced hippocampal volume in PTSD but also suggest independent, generalized, white matter atrophy.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01359-8

Cites

36 of 36 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The development of a Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale
Blake, D. D., Weathers, F. W., Nagy, L. M., Kaloupek, D. G., Gusman, F. D., Charney, D. S., & Keane, T. M. (1995) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.2490080106 · Cited by 5,024
Subgenual prefrontal cortex abnormalities in mood disorders
Drevets, W. C., Price, J. L., Simpson, J. R., Todd, R. D., Reich, T., Vannier, M., & Raichle, M. E. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/386824a0 · Cited by 2,693
Hippocampal atrophy in recurrent major depression
Sheline, Y. I., Wang, P. W., Gado, M. H., Csernansky, J. G., & Vannier, M. W. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.9.3908 · Cited by 1,932
Hippocampal Volume Reduction in Major Depression
Bremner, J. D., Narayan, M., Anderson, E. R., Staib, L. H., Miller, H. L., & Charney, D. S. (2000) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.157.1.115 · Cited by 1,670
MRI-based measurement of hippocampal volume in patients with combat- related posttraumatic stress disorder
(1995) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.152.7.973 · Cited by 1,610
Depression Duration But Not Age Predicts Hippocampal Volume Loss in Medically Healthy Women with Recurrent Major Depression
Sheline, Y. I., Sanghavi, M., Mintun, M. A., & Gado, M. H. (1999) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.19-12-05034.1999 · Cited by 1,382 · cited 1×
“The brain imaging literature in depression is conflicting, with some studies reporting smaller hippocampal volumes (Bremner et al 2000; Sheline et al 1996, 1999), whereas others, typically using lower resolution scanners, do not (Ashtari et al 1999; Axelson et al 1993; Dupont et al 1995).”
Method
Magnetic resonance imaging-based measurement of hippocampal volume in posttraumatic stress disorder related to childhood physical and sexual abuse—a preliminary report
Bremner, J. D., Randall, P., Vermetten, E., Staib, L., Bronen, R. A., Mazure, C., Capelli, S., McCarthy, G., Innis, R. B., & Charney, D. S. (1997) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(96)00162-x · Cited by 1,283
Usefulness of diffusion-weighted MRI with echo-planar technique in the evaluation of cellularity in gliomas
Sugahara, T., Korogi, Y., Kochi, M., Ikushima, I., Shigematu, Y., Hirai, T., Okuda, T., Liang, L., Ge, Y., Komohara, Y., et al. (1999) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/(sici)1522-2586(199901)9:1 · Cited by 1,151
Self-citation
Developmental traumatology part II: brain development∗∗See accompanying Editorial, in this issue.
De Bellis, M. D., Keshavan, M. S., Clark, D. B., Casey, B. J., Giedd, J. N., Boring, A. M., Frustaci, K., & Ryan, N. D. (1999) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00045-1 · Cited by 974
Effects of age on tissues and regions of the cerebrum and cerebellum.
Jernigan, T., Archibald, S., Fennema-Notestine, C., Gamst, A., Stout, J. C., Bonner, J. C., & Hesselink, J. (2001) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(01)00217-2 · Cited by 958

Show all 36 references

Sorted by citations

Items 301–379 of 379

Stehen kognitive Funktionen im Zusammenhang mit Angst, Depression und Posttraumatischer Belastungsstörung bei Brustkrebspatientinnen nach onkologischer Behandlung?
Schirmer, L., Mehnert, A., Scherwath, A., Schleimer, B., Schulz‐Kindermann, F., Zander, A. R., & Koch, U. (2008) · Zeitschrift für Psychiatrie Psychologie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1024/1661-4747.57.1.33 · Cited by 2
Diagnostic and Psychopharmacologic Aspects of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Hidalgo, R. B., & Davidson, J. R. T. (2004) · Psychiatric Annals · doi:10.3928/0048-5713-20041101-13 · Cited by 2
An event-related potentials study on the attention function of posttraumatic stress disorder.
Cui, H., Liu, X., Chen, G., Shan, M., & Jia, Y. (2015) · PubMed Central · Cited by 2
CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES ON TRAUMA
Kirmayer, L. J., Lemelson, R., & Barad, M. (2007) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511500008.020 · Cited by 2
Grey Matter Changes in the Brain Following Stress and Trauma
Bennett, M. R., & Lagopoulos, J. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-91116-8_1 · Cited by 2
Postnatal Hippocampal Growth in Health and Prematurity: Modulation and Implications
Thompson, D. K. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1795-9_38 · Cited by 2
Working with adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse: mental health professional and survivor perspectives
Barber, A. E. (2012) · Victoria University Research Repository (Victoria University) · Cited by 2
La disminución volumétrica del núcleo caudado derecho como fenotipo neuroanatómico del trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad pediátrico. Un análisis morfométrico fronto-caudado por resonancia magnética estructural
Vila, S., & Carlos, J. (2007) · TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa) · Cited by 2
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING
Dent, S. (2002) · Cited by 2
Psychophysiological Responses to Distress and Eustress
Nagy, T. (2016) · Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem · doi:10.15476/elte.2015.120 · Cited by 3
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Exacerbates Emotional Complaints but not Cognitive Impairments in Individuals Suffering from Postconcussional Disorder after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Schroeder, S. C., Ruff, R. M., & Jäncke, L. (2015) · Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie · doi:10.1024/1016-264x/a000132 · Cited by 1
Image-Guided Surgery
Bucholz, R. D., & Laycock, K. A. (2003) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9780203008997.ch49 · Cited by 1
Neuroimaging of Pain
Gracely, R. H., & Sundgren, P. C. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0345-7_15 · Cited by 1
Neuroimaging of Pain
Gracely, R. H., & Sundgren, P. C. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-10909-6_17 · Cited by 1
Stress, Fear, Trauma, and Distress: Underlying Factors in Depression
Bongiorno, P. B. (2015) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b19089-6 · Cited by 1
Hippocampal Volumes in PTSD
Chao, L. L. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08359-9_99 · Cited by 1
Neuropsychologische Testleistungen, psychopathologische Symptomatik und Hippocampusvolumen bei psychisch traumatisierten Patientinnen
Lange, C. (2003) · doi:10.53846/goediss-574 · Cited by 1
Image-Guided Surgery
Laycock, K. A. (2014) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b17288-12 · Cited by 1
Langzeitfolgen früher Stresserfahrungen
Egle, U. T. (2008) · Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht eBooks · doi:10.13109/9783666462092.36 · Cited by 1
Tau and beta-amyloid deposition, structural integrity, and cognitive function following traumatic brain injury in Australian war veterans
Cummins, T. L. (2018) · Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) · Cited by 1
An investigation of the relationship between PTSD, reflective functioning and caregiving sensitivity amongst mothers misusing substances
Adams, A. (2020) · Cited by 1
Memory, Interrupted: A Retrieval Model of Intrusive Memories, Recovery Trajectories, and Neurobiological Effects in Post-Traumatic Stress DisorderPreprint
Stocco, A., Smith, B. M., PeConga, E. K., & Zoellner, L. A. (2021) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/rwz6u · Cited by 1
Peer Review #1 of "Post-traumatic stress symptoms are associated with better performance on a delayed match-to-position task (v0.1)"
(2018) · PeerJ · doi:10.7287/peerj.4701v0.1/reviews/1 · Cited by 1
Evaluation of Hippocampal Allostatic Load-Associated Factors in Animal Models of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Relevance to Human PTSD
Kelley, D. P. (2022) · Louisiana State University · doi:10.31390/gradschool_dissertations.5761 · Cited by 1
A Twin Study on Genetic and Environmental Factors in Bipolar I Disorder
Kieseppä, T. (2005) · Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja · Cited by 1
Anxiety: Uncover Roles of Stress Related Genes by Imaging Genetics
Goldman, D. A., & Zhou, Z. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0134-7_18
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Application in the Area of Mild and Acute Traumatic Brain Injury
Tóth, A. (2015)
"An Unorthodox Enemy": Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Alcohol Use Disorder Comorbidity in a Veteran Population
Engel‐Rebitzer, E. (2012) · doi:10.14418/wes01.1.1757
Uncontrollable and unpredictable stress with a reminder experience induces long-lasting effects on physiology and behavior: A novel approach to modeling post-traumatic stress disorder in rats
Zoladz, P. R. (2006) · Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida)
Structural imaging of post-traumatic stress disorder
Gilbertson, M. W. (2010) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511782091.014
CHILDHOOD MALTREATMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EXECUTIVE SKILLS WITHIN AN INPATIENT SETTING
Dupont-Frechette, J. A. (2015) · Digital Commons - URI (University of Rhode Island) · doi:10.23860/diss-frechette-jennifer-2015
NEUROBIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON TRAUMA
Kirmayer, L. J., Lemelson, R., & Barad, M. (2007) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511500008.004 · Cited by 1
Role of Kappa-Opioid Receptors in Stress-Induced Behaviors
Veer, V. S., & Victoria, A. (2013) · Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)
A COURSE ON SIZE AND STRUCTURE
Crannell, A. (2003) · PRIMUS · doi:10.1080/10511970308984059
Book Review: Does Stress Damage the Brain? Understanding Trauma-Related Disorders from a Mind–Body Perspective
Middleton, W. (2003) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1046/j.1440-1614.2003.01249.x
Place de la neuroimagerie dans l'étude des états de stress post-traumatiques
Damsa, C., & Andreoli, A. L. (2004) · Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale. Psychiatrie · doi:10.1016/j.emcps.2004.03.004
Imaging changes of brain structure in post-traumatic stress disorders: recent progress
Wang, S., Jian-she, F. U., & Wang, F. (2009) · Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1008.2009.00305
Analysis of Cortical Thickness Indicating Cingulate Gyrus and Temporal Gyrus Incrassation in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Due to Mining Disaster
Li, Y., Zhang, J., Yin, H. J., & Lu, H. (2009) · International Congress on Image and Signal Processing (CISP) · doi:10.1109/cisp.2009.5305444
Neuropsychologische Testleistungen, Hippocampus-Volumina und Stressverarbeitungsstrategien bei traumatisierten Probanden in Abhängigkeit vom Vorliegen einer Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung
Winter, H. (2004) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-548
AcceleratedBrainGrayMatterLossinFibromyalgia Patients:PrematureAgingoftheBrain?
Chizh, B. A., & CatherineBushnell, M. (2007)
Imaging of the Brain After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Bendel, P. (2010)
Re-Visiting Traumatic Stress: Integrating Local Practices and Meanings in Explanatory Frameworks of TraumaPreprint
Suarez, E. B. (2011) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1942884
Stress, Serotonin Transporter Genotype, and Emotion Processing in Children
Meadows, A. L. (2009)
Contribution of Genetic and Neuroimaging Studies towards a Better Understanding of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Kim, J. E., Lyoo, I. K., Jun, C. S., & Lee, Y. S. (2010) · Saengmul jeongsin euihag/Saengmul jeongsin uihak
Strukturelle Hippocampusveränderungen im Erkrankungsverlauf bei depressiven Patienten im Vergleich zu gesunden Probanden
Möller, H. (2009)
Atrofia Ippocampale nel Disturbo Post-Traumatico da Stress e nel Disturbo Depressivo Maggiore Ippocampal Atrophy in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and in Major Depressive Disorder
Bossini, L., Tavanti, M., Calossi, S., Lombardelli, A., Polizzotto, N. R., Vatti, G., Galli, R., Pieraccini, F., & Castrogiovanni, P. (2006)
Micronutrients in Improvement of the Standard Therapy in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Prasad, K. N. (2019) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9780429243462-12
Molecular imaging of post-traumatic stress disorder
Bremner, J. D. (2010) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511782091.016
Effects of early life stress: Opportunities for pharmacological intervention
Loi, M. (2016) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University)
Dissecting the functional and morphological contributions of the glucocorticoid receptor gene in neural progenitor cells of the hippocampus
Wong, A. T. (2014) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/91404ca7zc3d5z48cdzbddaz0e9eb2ea1909
Neuroimaging in Chronic Pain, Fibromyalgia, and Somatization
Fayed, N. M., García‐Campayo, J., Gonzalez‐Toledo, E., & Viguera, L. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-53126-7_30
A Behavioral and Physiological Investigation of the Effects of Nicotine on Human Reward Responding and Fear Conditioning
Palmisano, A. N. (2019) · OpenCommons at University of Connecticut (University of Connecticut)
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Bolzenius, J. D. (2020) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119057840.ch29
WITHDRAWN: Defining Vascular Cognitive Impairment in India—A Descriptive Study of MRI Volumetry vs. Cognition in ’Normal’ AdultsPreprint
Sundar, U., Mukhopadhyay, A., Raghavan, S., Menon, R. N., Kesavadas, C., Shah, N., Adsul, B. B., & Joshi, A. R. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.03.26.21254381
Einfache und komplexe posttraumatische Belastungsstörungen : Diagnostik und Therapieansätze
Roestel, C., & Kersting, A. (2008) · Der Nervenarzt
Sobre la atrofia hereditaria del nervio óptico. (Enfermedad de Leber)
Meyer-Riemsloh, B., & Zabaleta, H. O. (1926) · Archivos de Oftalmología Hispano-Americanos
Hippocampus
Hamid Soltanian-zadeh, A., & Elisevich, K. V. (2006) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780471740360.ebs0585
Patients With Fibromyalgia Show Accelerated Loss of Gray Matter
(2007) · Topics in Pain Management · doi:10.1097/01.tpm.0000289924.70642.b3
Peer Review #1 of "Post-traumatic stress symptoms are associated with better performance on a delayed match-to-position task (v0.2)"
(2018) · PeerJ · doi:10.7287/peerj.4701v0.2/reviews/1
Peer Review #2 of "Post-traumatic stress symptoms are associated with better performance on a delayed match-to-position task (v0.2)"
(2018) · PeerJ · doi:10.7287/peerj.4701v0.2/reviews/2
Trauma, Dissociation, and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Keane, T. M., Marx, B. P., Sloan, D. M., & DePrince, A. P. (2014) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199328710.013.040
Gesamtliteraturverzeichnis
(2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-3-437-21833-0.16001-2
Hippocampal Volumes in PTSD
Chao, L. L. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08613-2_99-1
Peer Review #2 of "Post-traumatic stress symptoms are associated with better performance on a delayed match-to-position task (v0.1)"
(2018) · PeerJ · doi:10.7287/peerj.4701v0.1/reviews/2
Trauma, Cognition and Learning
Caparos, S. (2022) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781394150458.ch8
βCaMKII overexpression in the dentate gyrus does not result in depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in mice
Xi, J., Yin, P., Kang, Y. J., Richter‐Levin, G., Zhang, K., Cao, X., Liu, Y., & Duan, Y. (2022) · Stress and Brain · doi:10.26599/sab.2022.9060025
Hippocampal Volumetry among Sudanese Patients attending Elmoalem Hospital, Sudan; structural MRI study (2021-2022)
Elmukashfi, O. T. A., Elsheikh, T. A. E., Elmukashfi, E. A. T. A., & Nurein, M. A. (2023) · World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews · doi:10.30574/wjarr.2023.18.3.1128
Neuroimagem de Doentes com Osteoartrose Grave do Joelho: Avaliação Volumétrica Cerebral
Filho, F. C. (2023) · doi:10.11606/t.5.2023.tde-23082023-141006
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Sleep Disturbances and Biomarkers
Jason, A., Jo, K. M., Joanne, W., Peter, F., & Ruddock Mark, W. (2023) · International Journal of Brain Disorders and Treatment · doi:10.23937/2469-5866/1410045
Staging Biomarkers in Psychiatry
Mastella, N. D. S., Bouvier, V. D. A., Veloso, G., de Castro, A.-R. L., Salgado, T. A., Bebber, J. C., & Passos, I. C. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-43356-6_8
A Longitudinal Study of Closed Head Injury: Neuropsychological Outcome and Structural Analysis using Region of Interest Measurements and Voxel-Based Morphometry
Debbie, S. (2005) · OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique)
PANDORA: Population Archive of Neuroimaging Data Organized for Rapid AnalysisPreprint
Abivardi, A., Webster, M., McCarthy, P., Alfaro‐Almagro, F., Radosavljević, L., Miller, K. L., Jbabdi, S., Woolrich, M. W., Gong, W., Beckmann, C. F., et al. (2026) · medRxiv · doi:10.64898/2026.01.05.26343425
Anomalies structurales de la région hippocampique chez l'adolescent et l'adulte souffrant d'un trouble de stress post-traumatique
Postel, C. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/f8300a38z3ad1z427ez9cebz92489b33fb24
Longitudinal White Matter Atrophy Predicts Cognitive Decline in Veterans, With Amplified Effects in Severe Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Nowak, M. K., Etten, E. J. V., Brown, E. M., Rothlein, D., Fortenbaugh, F. C., Milberg, W., Fortier, C. B., & Salat, D. H. (2026) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2026.07.001
The effectiveness of various neurorehabilitation methods in post-traumatic stress disorder therapy: an umbrella review
Żurek, G., Tomala, Z., Rosen, B., Poniatowski, Ł. A., Laukes, C., Loyd, B. J., Jamro, D., Barcikowski, Ł., & Żurek, A. (2026) · Physiotherapy Quarterly · doi:10.5114/pq/225568
Psychological traits and their explanation: A 20-year perspective from Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory
Corr, P. J., & McNaughton, N. (2026) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2026.106926
Associations of post-traumatic stress disorder and metabolic syndrome with accelerated brain aging in South African adults: A case-control study
Kim, A. W., Luckhoff, H. K., du Plessis, S., & Seedat, S. (2026) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2026.100856
Neuroendocrinological and brain structural alterations in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Eckart, C. (2009) · KOPS (University of Konstanz)
Achados da neuroimagem em transtorno de estresse pós-traumático e suas implicações clínicas Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Neuroimaging Findings and their clinical implications
Fernando, J., Peres, P., & Nasello, A. G. (2005)

Authors: Villarreal, G., Hamilton, D. A., Petropoulos, H., Driscoll, I., Rowland, L. M., Griego, J. A., Kodituwakku, P. W., Hart, B. L., Escalona, R., & Brooks, W. M.
Affiliations: University of New Mexico (US)
ORCID: Villarreal, Gerardo
Hamilton, Derek A
Driscoll, Ira
Rowland, Laura M
Kodituwakku, Piyadasa W
Hart, Blaine L
Brooks, William M
Venue: Biological Psychiatry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2002-07
Volume: 52
Issue: 2
Pages: 119-125
ISSN: 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01359-8
OpenAlex: W2020961462
Cited by: 382
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 32.33
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, hippocampal volume, white matter atrophy, whole brain atrophy, intracranial volume, cerebrospinal fluid, brain atrophy, depression, alcohol intoxication, civilian trauma
MeSH terms: Adult, Analysis of Variance, Atrophy, Brain, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Reduced hippocampal volume and total white matter volume in posttraumatic stress disorder

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks