Magnetic resonance imaging-based measurement of hippocampal volume in posttraumatic stress disorder related to childhood physical and sexual abuse—a preliminary report
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We have previously reported smaller hippocampal volume and deficits in short-term memory in patients with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) relative to comparison subjects. The purpose of this study was to compare hippocampal volume in adult survivors of childhood abuse to matched controls. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure volume of the hippocampus in adult survivors of childhood abuse (n = 17) and healthy subjects (n = 17) matched on a case-by-case basis for age, sex, race, handedness, years of education, body size, and years of alcohol abuse. All patients met criteria for PTSD secondary to childhood abuse. PTSD patients had a 12% smaller left hippocampal volume relative to the matched controls (p < .05), without smaller volumes of comparison regions (amygdala, caudate, and temporal lobe). The findings were significant after controlling for alcohol, age, and education, with multiple linear regression. These findings suggest that a decrease in left hippocampal volume is associated with abuse-related PTSD.
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No change in amygdala volume has been found in individuals exposed to physical or sexual abuse as children.
“Interestingly, no change in amygdala volume has been found in individuals exposed to physical or sexual abuse as children (76, 77).”
From Childhood Trauma, the HPA Axis and Psychiatric Illnesses: A Targeted Literature Synthesis (2022) · cites this paper as [77]
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Self-citationMoghaddam, B., & Krystal, J. H. (2012) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs075 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Morey, R. A., Dunsmoor, J. E., Haswell, C. C., Brown, V. M., Vora, A., Weiner, J., Stjepanovic, D., Wagner, H. R., Workgroup, V. M.-A. M., Brancu, M., et al. (2015) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2015.196 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Decreased hippocampal volume in healthy girls at risk of depression
Chen, M. C., Hamilton, J. P., & Gotlib, I. H. (2010) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.202 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Wu, Y., Lu, Y.-C., Jacobs, M., Pradhan, S., Kapse, K., Zhao, L., Niforatos-Andescavage, N., Vezina, G., du Plessis, A. J., & Limperopoulos, C. (2020) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.19940 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Paquola, C., Bennett, M. R., & Lagopoulos, J. (2016) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.011 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Maternal anxiety and infants’ hippocampal development: timing matters.
Qiu, A., Rifkin-Graboi, A., Chen, H., Chong, Y.-S., Kwek, K., Gluckman, P. D., Fortier, M. V., & Meaney, M. J. (2013) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2013.79 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Hippocampal and Amygdalar Volumes in Dissociative Identity Disorder
Vermetten, E., Schmahl, C., Lindner, S., Loewenstein, R. J., & Bremner, J. D. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.4.630 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Self-citationChildhood maltreatment: altered network centrality of cingulate, precuneus, temporal pole and insula
Teicher, M. H., Anderson, C. M., Ohashi, K., & Polcari, A. (2014) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.09.016 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
- Authors
- Bremner, J. D., Randall, P., Vermetten, E., Staib, L., Bronen, R. A., Mazure, C., Capelli, S., McCarthy, G., Innis, R. B., & Charney, D. S.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Maastricht University (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Bremner, J. Douglas
- ORCID
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1997-01
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 23-32
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3229101
- OpenAlex
- W2064212981
- Cited by
- 1,283
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 61 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 56 · 2015: 58 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 42 · 2012: 67
- FWCI
- 54.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH056120)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR000125)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, child physical abuse, child sexual abuse, hippocampal volume, hippocampal atrophy, brain structure, alcohol abuse, short-term memory impairment, combat-related PTSD
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Alcoholism, Brain Mapping, Child, Child Abuse, Child Abuse, Sexual, Dominance, Cerebral, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Comorbidity
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