A randomized, controlled trial of a low-dose contraceptive containing 20 μg of ethinyl estradiol and 100 μg of levonorgestrel for acne treatment
Open accessAbstract
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of a low-dose oral contraceptive (OC) containing 100 microg of levonorgestrel (LNG) and 20 microg of ethinyl estradiol (EE) compared with placebo for the treatment of moderate acne.Design Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.Setting Outpatient dermatology clinics.Patient(s) Women (> or =14 years old; n = 350) with normal menstrual cycles and moderate acne were randomized to receive LNG/EE or placebo for six cycles.Intervention(s) Twenty microg of EE and 100 microg of LNG.Main outcome measure(s) Acne lesion counts and clinician global assessment were performed at baseline and at each cycle. Patient self-assessment was carried out at baseline and at cycles 4 and 6; blood pressure and weight were measured at baseline and at cycles 1, 3, and 6.Result(s) Inflammatory, noninflammatory, and total lesion counts at cycle 6 with LNG/EE were significantly lower compared to placebo. Patients in the LNG/EE group also had significantly better clinician global and patient self-assessment scores than those in the placebo group at cycle. Changes in weight from baseline were similar between patients in the LNG/EE and placebo groups at all measured time points.Conclusion(s) This double-blind, placebo-controlled study demonstrates that a low-dose OC containing 20 microg of EE and 100 microg of LNG is an effective and safe treatment for moderate acne.
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In three randomized trials, a larger percentage of patients receiving combined oral contraceptives than vehicle achieved Investigator's Global Assessment success at the end of cycle 6 (RR 1.45, 95% CI 1.06-1.97).
“Compared to vehicle at the end of cycle 6, a greater proportion of patients treated with COCs achieved IGA success in 3 RCTs (RR, 1.45 [1.06, 1.97]).”
From Guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris (2024) · cites this paper as [131]
The Clinician Global and Patient Self-Assessments section reports that, at cycle 6, clinicians rated 57.9% of the contraceptive group and 46.7% of the placebo group clear or almost clear; Statistical Analyses defines that rating as treatment success. The paper reports one trial, not a three-trial result, and does not report the stated RR of 1.45 or its confidence interval. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn nine randomized trials, combined oral contraceptives produced greater reductions in inflammatory lesion counts than vehicle at the end of cycle 6 (mean difference in percentage change from baseline -15.81%, 95% CI -20.44% to -11.17%).
“Greater reductions in both inflammatory (MD in the percentage change from baseline, À15.81% [À20.44%,À11.17%])”
From Guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris (2024) · cites this paper as [131]
The Lesion Counts section and Table 3 report a greater reduction in inflammatory lesions with LNG/EE than with placebo at cycle 6. But this paper reports one trial, not nine; its reported mean percentage changes are −46.8% and −32.6%, not the claimed pooled mean difference of −15.81% with a 95% CI. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Thiboutot, D., Archer, D. F., Lemay, A., Washenik, K., Roberts, J., & Harrison, D. D.
- Affiliations
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec (CA)
- NYU Langone Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Harrison, Diane D
- Venue
- Fertility and Sterility
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-09
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 461-468
- ISSN
- 0015-0282 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2150038365
- Semantic Scholar
- abdb9757a6bf0220261645eec820d2b1e28987b8
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 6.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Fertility and Sterility (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Baylor University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Acne and Rosacea Treatments and Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Keywords
- acne, low-dose oral contraceptives, ethinyl estradiol, levonorgestrel, acne treatment, acne lesion count, patient self-assessment, weight change, blood pressure, women
- MeSH terms
- Acne Vulgaris, Adolescent, Adult, Blood Pressure, Body Weight, Contraceptives, Oral, Combined, Double-Blind Method, Ethinyl Estradiol, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Placebos, Surveys and Questionnaires, Levonorgestrel
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