The Follicular Endocrine Environment in Stimulated Cycles of Women with Endometriosis: Steroid Levels and Embryo Quality
Open accessAbstract
Objective To assess the endocrine milieu in follicles of stimulated cycles comparing women with and without endometriosis. Steroids were measured in follicular fluid (FF) and in in vitro culture of granulosa-luteal cells, and this status was related to the quality of the embryos obtained after IVF. Design Case-control study. Setting IVF program at the Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad. Patient(s) Twenty-four women with laparoscopically documented endometriosis and 26 controls undergoing IVF. Intervention(s) Individual follicular aspiration, oocyte isolation, FF storage, and preparation of luteinized granulosa cells for culture; oocyte insemination and embryo cleavage in standard IVF. Main outcome measure(s) Serum (day of ovum pickup) and FF measurements of estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, and androstenedione. Secretion of progesterone was measured in the cell-conditioned medium. Results were compared between patients with endometriosis and controls, as well as between oocytes that yielded embryos of different quality. Result(s) Levels of progesterone in the FF increased with the severity of the disease, whereas testosterone accumulation in the FF decreased with the severity of the disease. An increase in progesterone accumulation in vitro was observed in basal and hCG-induced granulosa cell cultures. No difference was observed in terms of embryo quality, and no steroid marker was able to identify follicles with oocytes that displayed embryos of good or bad quality under the inverted microscope. Conclusion(s) The data show differences in the steroidogenesis of follicles from stimulated women with and without endometriosis. These changes indicate good endocrine health but are not predictive of embryo quality.
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Pellicer et al. reported decreased testosterone accumulation in the follicular milieu with increasing severity of endometriosis in IVF cycles.
“Pellicer et al . [19] assessed steroid levels in follicular milieu in patient with endometriosis with in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle and reported decreased T accumulation with the severity of the disease.”
From Serum levels of androgens and prostate-specific antigen in endometriosis (2014) · cites this paper as [19]
More severe endometriosis predicts lower follicular testosterone.
“More severe disease predicted lower follicular testosterone in another study (Pellicer et al., 1998).”
From Endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome are diametric disorders (2021) · cites this paper as Pellicer et al., 1998
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Intraovarian steroidogenesis in women with endometriosis undergoing IVF
Galati, G., Reschini, M., Casalechi, M., Polledri, E., Stefano, G. D., Fustinoni, S., Lombardo, F., Muzii, L., Viganò, P., & Somigliana, E. (2026) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2026.105882
- Authors
- Pellicer, A., Valbuena, D., Bauset, C., Albert, C., Bonilla-Musoles, F., Remohı́, J., & Simón, C.
- Affiliations
- Valencian Infertility Institute (ES)
- Universitat de València (ES)
- Venue
- Fertility and Sterility
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-06
- Volume
- 69
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1135-1141
- ISSN
- 0015-0282 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2081992164
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Fertility and Sterility (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Keywords
- endometriosis, follicular fluid, steroid hormones, progesterone, testosterone, estradiol, androstenedione, granulosa-lutein cells, steroidogenesis, embryo quality, ovulation induction, in vitro fertilization, IVF outcome prediction
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cells, Cultured, Embryo, Mammalian, Endometriosis, Female, Fertilization in Vitro, Granulosa Cells, Hormones, Humans, Progesterone, Reference Values, Follicular Fluid, Case-Control Studies
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