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The low density lipoprotein receptor. Identification of amino acids in cytoplasmic domain required for rapid endocytosis.
Abstract
The 50-residue cytoplasmic domain of the low density lipoprotein receptor (amino acids 790-839) directs the receptor to coated pits, thereby facilitating rapid endocytosis of bound low density lipoprotein. To determine the structural features required for this targeting, we produced 24 mutations in the cytoplasmic domain through use of oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis. The first 22 amino acids of the cytoplasmic domain (residues 790-811) are sufficient for rapid internalization. The amino acid at position 807 is especially critical. Aromatic residues (tyrosine, phenylalanine, or tryptophan) at this position allow rapid internalization. Charged or uncharged aliphatic residues do not substitute. Although the requirements at the neighboring positions (806 and 808) are less stringent, the insertion of proline at position 806 is detrimental. These specificities suggest that the juxtamembranous region of the cytoplasmic domain participates in protein:protein interactions that allow the low density lipoprotein receptor to cluster in coated pits.
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The cytoplasmic tail of the LDLR contains an NPVY sequence that is required for LDLR-mediated endocytosis.
“The cytoplasmic tail of the LDLR contains an NPVY sequence that is required for LDLR-mediated endocytosis (9”
From ARH Is a Modular Adaptor Protein That Interacts with the LDL Receptor, Clathrin, and AP-2 (2002) · cites this paper as [9]
Systematic mutagenesis of amino acids flanking Tyr-807 in the LDLR cytoplasmic tail indicates that the sequence FDNPVY functions as the internalization signal.
“Systematic mutagenesis of the amino acids flanking the Tyr-807 in the cytoplasmic tail of the LDLR indicates that the sequence FDNPVY functions as the internalization signal (9”
From ARH Is a Modular Adaptor Protein That Interacts with the LDL Receptor, Clathrin, and AP-2 (2002) · cites this paper as [9]
Upon maturation, LDLR is transported to the cell membrane via a clathrin-coated pit vesicle.
“Upon maturation, LDLR is transported to the cell membrane via a clathrin-coated pit vesicle [28].”
From LDLR Expression and Localization Are Altered in Mouse and Human Cell Culture Models of Alzheimer's Disease (2010) · cites this paper as [28]
The NPVY motif within the C-terminus is critical for internalization of LDLR into clathrin-coated pits.
“The NPVY motif within the C-terminus is critical for the internalization of the receptor into clathrin-coated pits (2–4).”
From Identification of amino acid residues in the MT-loop of MT1-MMP critical for its ability to cleave low-density lipoprotein receptor (2022) · cites this paper as [4]
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ARH Is a Modular Adaptor Protein That Interacts with the LDL Receptor, Clathrin, and AP-2
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Metadata
- Authors
- Davis, C. G., van Driel, I. R., Russell, D. W., Brown, M. S., & Goldstein, J. L.
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1987-03
- Volume
- 262
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 4075-4082
- ISSN
- 0021-9258
- Cited by
- 238
- References
- 1
- Language
- en
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