Cited by 117Menstrual Health and DisordersAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesInflammatory mediators and NSAID effects

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Menstrual cycle-associated changes in blood levels of interleukin-6, α1 acid glycoprotein, and C-reactive protein

Jilma, Bernd, Dirnberger, EVA, Löscher, Isabella, Rumplmayr, Anna, Hildebrandt, Jörg, Eichler, Hans-Georg, Kapiotis, Stylianos, Wagner, Oswald F.·1997·Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine

DOI 10.1016/s0022-2143(97)90060-3

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Abstract

Based on previous studies we hypothesized that interleukin-6 (IL-6) plasma levels would increase during the menstrual cycle, in analogy to the increase in IL-1 levels seen during the luteal phase. Thus we have investigated menstrual cycle-associated changes in IL-6, alpha1 acid glycoprotein (AGP), and C-reactive protein (CRP). The study design was cross-sectional and was conducted in 18 healthy premenopausal women with regular menstrual cycles and in 15 age-matched men. The women had blood drawings in the follicular phase, at midcycle, and in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. A single blood sample was obtained from men to compare IL-6 levels between sexes. The median IL-6 level was 0.68 pg/ml (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.60 to 1.05) in the follicular phase and did not change significantly during the menstrual cycle. IL-6 levels did not differ between women and men (0.79 pg/ml; CI: 0.66 to 1.05; p > 0.05). Median AGP levels decreased by 6% (CI: -14% to 1%) during the luteal phase (p = 0.005), and a significant correlation between mean AGP and IL-6 levels was found (r = 0.60; p = 0.01). Median CRP levels increased by 44% (CI: 27% to 59%; p < 0.001) at midcycle and by 31% (CI: 17% to 68%; p = 0.002) in the luteal phase, and there was a significant correlation between the relative increase in CRP at midcycle and the relative increase in progesterone levels during midcycle (r = 0.60; p = 0.01) and the luteal phase (r = 0.71; p = 0.001). In conclusion, we found no sustai…

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Authors: Jilma, B., Dirnberger, E., Löscher, I., Rumplmayr, A., Hildebrandt, J., Eichler, H.-G., Kapiotis, S., & Wagner, O. F.
Affiliations: Medical University of Vienna (AT)
Corresponding author: Jilma, Bernd
ORCID: Jilma, Bernd
Venue: Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1997-07
Volume: 130
Issue: 1
Pages: 69-75
ISSN: 0022-2143 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2143(97)90060-3
OpenAlex: W1969728728
Cited by: 117
References: 39
Citations by year: 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 4.14
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Menstrual Health and Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
Keywords: menstrual cycle, interleukin-6, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, C-reactive protein, luteal phase, follicular phase, progesterone, sex differences, premenopausal women, acute phase proteins, inflammatory markers, plasma cytokines
MeSH terms: Adult, C-Reactive Protein, Female, Humans, Male, Menstrual Cycle, Orosomucoid, Sex Characteristics, Cohort Studies, Interleukin-6

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Menstrual cycle-associated changes in blood levels of interleukin-6, α1 acid glycoprotein, and C-reactive protein

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