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Cited by 138Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ResearchStress Responses and CortisolPhysical Activity and Health

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The effect of brief exercise cessation on pain, fatigue, and mood symptom development in healthy, fit individuals

Glass, Jennifer M., Lyden, Angela K., Petzke, Frank, Stein, Phyllis, Whalen, Gail, Ambrose, Kirsten, Chrousos, George, Clauw, Daniel J.·2004·Journal of Psychosomatic Research
DOI 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2004.04.002
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Abstract

Objective Abnormalities of the biological stress response (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the autonomic nervous system) have been identified in both fibromyalgia (FM) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Although these changes have been considered to be partly responsible for symptom expression, we examine an alternative hypothesis that these HPA and autonomic changes can be found in subsets of healthy individuals in the general population who may be at risk of developing these conditions. Exposure to "stressors" (e.g., infections, trauma, etc.) may lead to symptom expression (pain, fatigue, and other somatic symptoms) in part by precipitating lifestyle changes. In particular, we focus on the effect of deprivation of routine aerobic exercise on the development of somatic symptoms. Methods Eighteen regularly exercising (>/=4 h/week) asymptomatic, healthy adults refrained from physical activity for 1 week. We predicted that a subset of these individuals would develop symptoms of FM/CFS with exercise deprivation, and this manuscript focuses on the baseline HPA axis, immune, and autonomic function measures that may predict the development of symptoms. Results Eight of the subjects reported a 10% increase in one or more symptoms (pain, fatigue, mood) after 1 week of exercise deprivation. These symptomatic subjects had lower HPA axis (baseline cortisol prior to VO2max testing), immune (NK cell responsiveness to venipuncture), and autonomic function (measured by heart rate variability) at baseline (prior to cessation of exercise) when compared to the subjects who did not develop symptoms. Conclusions A subset of subjects developed symptoms of pain, fatigue, or mood changes after exercise deprivation. This cohort was different from the individuals who did not develop symptoms in baseline measures of HPA axis, immune, and autonomic function. We speculate that a subset of healthy individuals who have hypoactive function of the biological stress response systems unknowingly exercise regularly to augment the function of these systems and thus suppress symptoms. These individuals may be at risk for developing chronic multisymptom illnesses (CMIs) (e.g., FM or CFS among others) when a "stressor" leads to lifestyle changes that disrupt regular exercise.

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Metadata

Authors
Glass, J. M., Lyden, A. K., Petzke, F., Stein, P., Whalen, G., Ambrose, K., Chrousos, G., & Clauw, D. J.
Affiliations
  • University of Michigan (US)
  • University of Cologne (DE)
  • Washington University in St. Louis (US)
  • Georgetown University (US)
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author
Glass, Jennifer M.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Psychosomatic Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2004-10
Volume
57
Issue
4
Pages
391-398
ISSN
0022-3999 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jpsychores.2004.04.002
OpenAlex
W2034333156
Cited by
138
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
FWCI
4.59
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Psychosomatic Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
McGill University
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
Keywords
exercise cessation, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, chronic multisymptom illness, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, cortisol, autonomic nervous system, heart rate variability, immune function, pain, fatigue, mood, stress response, healthy individuals
MeSH terms
Adult, Autonomic Nervous System, Fatigue, Female, Fibromyalgia, Heart Rate, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Killer Cells, Natural, Life Style, Male, Pain, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Risk, Risk Factors, Somatoform Disorders, Stress, Physiological, Exercise, Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic, Lymphocyte Count, Mood Disorders

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