The DOI matches its Crossref record.
A subtype of nicotinic cholinergic receptor in rat brain is composed of alpha 4 and beta 2 subunits and is up-regulated by chronic nicotine treatment.
Abstract
The subunit composition and pharmacological regulation of rat neuronal nicotinic cholinergic receptors were assessed. Specific immunoprecipitation was determined in solubilized rat brain homogenates using [3H]cytisine, a high affinity agonist at nicotinic receptors, in conjunction with polyclonal antisera generated against nonhomologous domains of the various subunits comprising this receptor class. In all brain regions tested, only antisera generated against the alpha 4 and beta 2 subunits were able to immunoprecipitate specifically receptors labeled by [3H]cytisine. Thus, these sera were further characterized in order to validate and optimize their use in the immunoprecipitation protocol. Preincubation of solubilized receptors from rat forebrain with antisera generated against the alpha 2, alpha 3, alpha 5, beta 3, or beta 4 subunits did not decrease the amount of precipitable alpha 4 or beta 2 subunit. On the other hand, when either anti-alpha 4 or anti-beta 2 serum was used to immunoprecipitate solubilized receptors from rat forebrain, the supernatants contained little if any remaining receptors that could be specifically precipitated by either antibody. Because these antisera do not cross-react, the data indicate that alpha 4 and beta 2 subunits are associated with each other in at least one neuronal nicotinic receptor subtype that has high affinity for agonists. Moreover, these results imply that all alpha 4 subunits that are labeled by [3H]cystisine are coupled to beta 2 subunits. We also present evidence that the alpha 4/beta 2 subtype characterized in this report is significantly increased in the cortex of rats chronically treated with nicotine.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Importantly, nicotine induced increases in nAChR, termed “upregulation”, are conferred by a specific microdomain that is in the β2-subunit 34 and thus this upregulation is confined to nAChR that contain the β2-subunit4, 19, 31, 35-38.”
From β2-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Availability During Acute and Prolonged Abstinence From Tobacco Smoking (2009) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“Immunoprecipitation with subunit-selective antibodies and studies in genetic knockout models demonstrate that chronic administration of nicotine increases predominantly the ␣42 subtype of nAChRs in rodent brain (Flores et al., 1992;Mao et al., 2008;Moretti et al., 2010;Marks et al., 2011)”
From Chronic Sazetidine-A at Behaviorally Active Doses Does Not Increase Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptors in Rodent Brain (2012) · cites this paper as Flores et al., 1992
Citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 801–880 of 880
IuO, F., & Frolova, H. (2014) · Fìzìologìčnij žurnal · doi:10.15407/fz60.04.080 · Cited by 1
Nicotine Addiction and Alpha4beta2* Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors
Maurer, J. J., & Schmidt, H. D. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813035-3.00031-9 · Cited by 1
Sallam, M. Y., El‐Gowilly, S. M., & El‐Mas, M. M. (2022) · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00210-022-02289-1 · Cited by 1
Adejare, A. A., Oloyo, A. K., Ishola, I. O., Busari, A. A., Ismail-Badmus, K., Abdulrazaq, M. M., Osifala, O. O., & Salami, M. O. (2023) · Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences · doi:10.54548/njps.v38i2.5 · Cited by 1
Nicotinic Receptors in Brain Diseases
Stitzel, J. A. (2010) · Advances in neurobiology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-7104-3_22 · Cited by 1
ON THE ROLE OF NMDA RECEPTOR SUBUNITS IN THE ACUTE AND CHRONIC EFFECTS OF NICOTINE
Kosowski, A. (2005) · Figshare · Cited by 1
Blaazer, A. R., & de Esch, I. D. (2015) · Methods and principles in medicinal chemistry · doi:10.1002/9783527673025.ch5 · Cited by 1
The Relationship Between Mood, Stress, and Tobacco Smoking
Walderhaug, E., Cosgrove, K., Bhagwagar, Z., & Neumeister, A. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6373-4_10 · Cited by 1
Molecular and Behavioral Aspects of Nicotine Dependence and Reward
Pich, E. M., Heidbreder, C. A., Mugnaini, M., & Teneggi, V. (2003) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-343-9_16 · Cited by 1
Cognitive-enhancing Drugs and Eyeblink Classical Conditioning
Woodruff‐Pak, D. S., & Ewers, M. (2005) · Kluwer Academic Publishers eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-306-46897-2_14 · Cited by 1
Mechanism of action of pinnatoxins E, F and G
Hellyer, S. D. (2014) · Otago University Research Archive (University of Otago) · Cited by 1
Wang, S. (2010) · Library and Archives Canada (Government of Canada) · Cited by 1
Xiao, Y., Meyer, E. L., Houghtling, R. A., Thompson, J. M., & Kellar, K. J. (2000) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-0769-9_45 · Cited by 1
Interacció dels derivats amfetamínics amb els receptors nicotínics: Aspectes moleculars i funcionals
Garcia‐Ratés, S. (2011) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)
Neuronal Nicotinic Receptors: History, Structure, and Functional Roles
Lindstrom, J. M. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-46526-5_6
Soll, L. G. (2013) · eScholarship@UMassChan · doi:10.13028/m2ng64
Current Controversies in Nicotine Research
Clarke, P. B. S. (1995) · Birkhäuser Basel eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-7445-8_1
NICOTINIC RECEPTOR MODULATION OF DOPAMINE TRANSPORTERS
Middleton, L. S. (2006) · UKnowledge (University of Kentucky)
Nicotinic Receptors in the Brain: Novel Approaches to the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Chiappinelli, V. A. (2000) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-4217-9_15
Mendes, C. C. C. (2009) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.5.2009.tde-28082009-105421
Multiple Nicotinic Receptor Subtypes and Their Roles on Individual Neurons
Conroy, W. G., Zhang, Z., & Berg, D. K. (1997) · Advances in organ biology · doi:10.1016/s1569-2590(08)60184-6
Molecular mechanisms of nicotine dependence
Arias, H., & Ortells, M. O. (2016) · Journal of Pediatric Biochemistry · doi:10.1055/s-0036-1586370
Tuschy, L. (2013) · Universitätsbibliothek der FU Berlin Hochschulschriftenstelle u. Dokumentenserver · doi:10.17169/refubium-13213
Barrios, M. J. (2012) · Gredos (University of Salamanca) · doi:10.14201/gredos.115538
Effects of Tobacco Smoking on Measures of Cold-Induced Pain
Spillane, E. L., Szewczyk, R. P., & McDonald, J. D. (2005) · Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Pharmacological Evaluation of Choline on α4β2 Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors
Bizimana, L. (2015) · The Sydney eScholarship Repository (The University of Sydney)
Rigid analogs of DMPP as probes for the nicotinic receptors
Guandalini, L., Martini, E., Martelli, C., Romanelli, M. N., & Varani, K. (2005) · Il Farmaco · doi:10.1016/j.farmac.2004.12.001
Racicot, S. (2014) · Spectrum Research Repository (Concordia University)
Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics of Nicotine
Haustein, K.-O., & Groneberg, D. A. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-87577-2_4
Salmelainen, L. (2010) · Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja
EFFECT OF NICOTINE ON DOPAMINERGIC NEUROTRANSMISSION AND EXPRESSION OF FOS PROTEIN
Salminen, O. (2000) · Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja
and -Insensitive Nociceptors of the Rat DRG Nicotinic AChR in Subclassified Capsaicin-Sensitive
NeurophysiolRau, J., Johnson, R. D., Cooper, B. Y., Kobal, G., Reeh, P. W., Kichko, T. I., Lennerz, J. K., Eberhardt, M. J., Babeș, R.-M., Neuhuber, W., et al. (2015)
Fedotova, Y. O. (2015) · Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology · doi:10.1007/s11055-015-0168-7
Molecular and cell biological characterisation of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
Baker, E. R. (2004) · OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique)
Structural studies with affinity-purified muscle and neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
Hamouda, A. K. (2007) · ThinkTech (Texas Tech University)
Gaskins, D. L. (2012) · IUScholarWorks (Indiana University) · doi:10.7912/c2/2044
Cholinergic currents in Xenopus oocytes transplanted with human brain membranes
Texidó, L., Ros, E., Navarro, P., & Solsona, C. (2005)
The Roles of a5-Containing nAChRs in the Brain
Wang, J. W. Y. (2014) · Biochemistry & Pharmacology Open Access · doi:10.4172/2167-0501.1000129
Mouse Models to Evaluate Genetic Influences on Responses to Nicotine
Marks, M. J., & Collins, A. C. (2001) · Frontiers in neuroscience · doi:10.1201/9781420038521.ch6
Genetic risk factors for alcohol and nicotine behaviors
Melroy-Greif, W. E. (2015) · CU Scholar (University of Colorado Boulder)
Experimental Studies of Subdiaphragmatic Vagotomy and Nicotine for Reducing Body Weight
Dezfuli, G. (2014) · DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)
Expression, Pharmacological and Physiological Properties of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors
Filchakova, O. (2014) · J. Willard Marriott Library · doi:10.26053/0h-qp7j-g500
Wilking, J. A., & Stitzel, J. A. (2016) · Neuromethods · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3768-4_6
with the cognitive function of attention in Alzheimer's disease
Kadir, A., Almkvist, O., Wall, A. E., Långström, B., & Nordberg, A. K. (2006)
Ngolab, J. (2015) · The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Network (American Medical Association) · doi:10.13028/m2730b
Heterogeneity of Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptors in Rat Superior Cervical and
Ganglia, N., Mao, D., Yasuda, R. P., Fan, H. S., Wolfe, B. B., & Kellar, K. J. (2006)
Fox-Loe, A. M. (2016) · UKnowledge (University of Kentucky) · doi:10.13023/etd.2016.461
Lana, D. (2016) · Premio Tesi dottorato/Premio Tesi di dottorato · doi:10.36253/978-88-6655-941-2
Gamaleddin, I. (2013) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Ho, M. (2011) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Long-Term Oral Nicotine Treatment and Daily Variations in Brain Monoamines and Motor Activity
Gäddnäs, H. (2002) · Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja
Contribution of Gene–Gene and Gene–Environment Interactions to Tobacco Smoking
Li, M. D. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-7530-8_11
Böning, J., Kienast, T., Heinz, A., Lesch, O., Soyka, M., Wiesbeck, G. A., Böning, J., Wodarz, N., Platz, W. E., Scherbaum, N., et al. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-211-37774-3_4
Marks, M. J., Loetz, E. C., Ortiz, N. C., Herder, P., & Collins, A. C. (2020) · Behavioural Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/fbp.0000000000000575
Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics of Nicotine
Haustein, K.-O. (2003) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-05256-3_4
Pharmakologie und Pharmakokinetik von Nikotin
Haustein, K.-O. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-73309-6_4
Akinola, L. S., Bağdaş, D., Alkhlaif, Y., Jackson, A. B., Gürdap, C. O., Rahimpour, E., Carroll, F. I., Papke, R. L., & Damaj, M. I. (2022) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811221132214
Kundu, D., Acharya, S., Wang, S., Cao, Y., Kim, H. J., Cheong, J. H., & Kim, K. (2024) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.16271
Raval, N. R., Calakos, K. C., Zheng, M.-Q., Huttner, A. J., Esterlis, I., Huang, Y. H., Calhoun, V. D., Picciotto, M. R., Cosgrove, K., & Hillmer, A. T. (2026) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-025-02311-z
Synthèse de peptides bioactifs inspirés des venins
Giribaldi, J. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/4396528bz40f7z47abz935az5799907cf557
Rôle des stimuli sensoriels et de la palatabilité dans la prise orale de nicotine chez la souris
Tannous, S. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/eaa3d755ze7a1z4017z893dz1b7fd3cd4d8d
Diversité des effets de la nicotine sur les neurones dopaminergiques de l’aire tegmentale ventrale
Nguyen, C. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/57dc4740z36f1z4ee7z87e7z960af8c4a43e
BindingDB (2012) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q20000mp
BindingDB (2012) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q21c1vf8
BindingDB Entry 50032033: Discovery of novel alpha7 nicotinic receptor antagonists.
BindingDB (2011) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2sb45xw
The Effects of β-Amyloid on α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Expressed in Xenopus Oocytes
Anderson, M. L. (2011) · ScholarsArchive (Brigham Young University)
Regulation of Neuronal Nicotinic Receptor Expression by Novel Ligands and Mechanisms
Hussmann, G. P. (2012) · DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)
Perna, M. K. (2012) · Digital Commons - East Tennessee State University (East Tennessee State University)
Metadata
- Authors
- Flores, C. M., Rogers, S. W., Pabreza, L. A., Wolfe, B. B., & Kellar, K. J.
- Affiliations
- Georgetown University Medical Center (US)
- University of Colorado Denver (US)
- Georgetown University (US)
- ORCID
- Kellar, K J
- Venue
- Molecular Pharmacology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1992-01
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 31-37
- ISSN
- 0026-895X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2116249462
- Cited by
- 880
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 8.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Molecular Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01ag009884-05, 5r01da006486-10, 5r01ns011549-24)
- National Institute on Aging (AG 09884)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA-06486)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS11549)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Keywords
- nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, receptor subunit composition, chronic nicotine treatment, receptor up-regulation, rat cortex, forebrain, neuronal nicotinic receptors
- MeSH terms
- Quinolizidine Alkaloids, Alkaloids, Animals, Antibodies, Azocines, Brain, Kinetics, Male, Nicotine, Precipitin Tests, Quinolizines, Rats, Inbred Strains, Receptors, Nicotinic, Time Factors, Tritium, Up-Regulation, Macromolecular Substances, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review