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A Dissociation Between Brain Activity and Perception: Chromatically Opponent Cortical Neurons Signal Chromatic Flicker that is not Perceived
Open accessAbstract
When two isoluminant colors alternate at frequencies > 10 Hz, we perceive only one fused color with a minimal sensation of brightness flicker. In spite of the perception of color fusion, color opponent (CO) cells at early stages of the visual pathway are known to respond to chromatic flicker at frequencies far exceeding the perceptual fusion frequency. To explain color fusion, several groups have predicted that CO cells in V1-unlike the retina and lateral geniculate nucleus-should not follow high-frequency flicker. To test this prediction we recorded from 12 CO cells in various V1 layers. We found, contrary to expectations, that these neurons follow high frequency flicker well above heterochromatic fusion frequencies. All followed 15 Hz flicker and 10/12 followed 30 Hz flicker. For three cells, we tested 60 Hz luminance flicker and found clear responses. We thus present evidence of cortical activity in alert, trained monkeys that is clearly representing visual stimulation, yet is not perceived. Our data call into question explanations of perceptual phenomena that invoke a low temporal frequency cut-off of CO cells in V1 to account for the failure to perceive fast temporal changes in the chromatic domain.
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“The thalamic lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) mediates visual stimuli with temporal frequencies at least up to 90 Hz to the layer IV of V1 (Gur and Snodderly, 1997; Herrmann, 2001; Norcia et al., 2015; Pastor et al., 2003; Regan, 1989; Vialatte et al., 2010), which in turn relays to output layers II/III and V where temporal filtering occurs (Sachidhanandam et al., 2013), consistent with the notion”
From Perception is associated with the brain’s metabolic response to sensory stimulation (2022) · cites this paper as Gur and Snodderly, 1997
In the citing paper
“In particular, the firing rate of layer IV neurons that receive input from LGN is higher during UF than PF, as evidenced by the synchronization of these neurons to the stimulus frequency (Gur and Snodderly, 1997; Herrmann, 2001; Norcia et al., 2015; Pastor et al., 2003; Regan, 1989; Vialatte et al., 2010), yet we found that lactate and glutamate increases during PF, not UF.”
From Perception is associated with the brain’s metabolic response to sensory stimulation (2022) · cites this paper as Gur and Snodderly, 1997
In the citing paper
“This conclusion is supported by the fact that high-frequency flickering (30–60 Hz) abolished MUA, a measure of neuronal spiking (putatively from layer II/III) (Viswanathan and Freeman, 2007), but not single neuron recordings from layer IV (Gur and Snodderly, 1997).”
From Perception is associated with the brain’s metabolic response to sensory stimulation (2022) · cites this paper as Gur and Snodderly, 1997
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Metadata
- Authors
- GUR, M., & SNODDERLY, D. M.
- Affiliations
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (IL)
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- GUR, MOSHE
- Venue
- Vision Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1997-02
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 377-382
- ISSN
- 0042-6989 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1980064583
- Cited by
- 137
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Vision Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Multisensory perception and integration
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- color fusion, visual cortex, primary visual cortex, luminance flicker, temporal frequency
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Color Perception, Female, Flicker Fusion, Macaca fascicularis, Macaca mulatta, Neurons, Afferent, Visual Cortex
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