Cited by 382Health and Lifestyle StudiesHealth and Wellbeing ResearchCardiovascular Health and Risk Factors

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Patterns of health behavior in U.S. adults

Berrigan, David, Dodd, Kevin, Troiano, Richard P., Krebs-Smith, Susan M., Barbash, Rachel Ballard·2003·Preventive Medicine

DOI 10.1016/s0091-7435(02)00067-1

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Abstract

Background Associations between health-related behaviors are important for two reasons. First, disease prevention and health promotion depend on understanding both prevalence of health behaviors and associations among such behaviors. Second, behaviors may have synergistic effects on disease risk.Methods We document patterns of adherence to recommendations concerning five behaviors (physical activity, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, fruit and vegetable consumption, and dietary fat intake) in U.S. adults (n = 15,425) using data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Division of individuals into categories associated with adherence or nonadherence to lifestyle recommendations results in 32 patterns of adherence/nonadherence.Results Proportions of U.S. adults with 21 of 32 behavior patterns characterized here deviated from proportions expected if health behaviors are independent of each other. The two extreme patterns, all adherence (5.9%) and all nonadherence (4.9%), were found in about double the proportion expected. Age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, and income were associated with a number of patterns, including the two extremes.Conclusions This analysis of behavior patterns highlights population subgroups of public health importance, provides a benchmark for studies of multivariate associations between health behaviors, and supports a multidimensional model of health behavior.

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Authors: Berrigan, D., Dodd, K., Troiano, R. P., Krebs-Smith, S. M., & Barbash, R. B.
Affiliations: National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author: Berrigan, David
ORCID: Berrigan, David
Dodd, Kevin
Troiano, Richard P.
Venue: Preventive Medicine
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2003-05
Volume: 36
Issue: 5
Pages: 615-623
ISSN: 0091-7435 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0091-7435(02)00067-1
OpenAlex: W2026395256
Cited by: 382
References: 52
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 19
FWCI: 34.70
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Cancer Institute
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Health and Lifestyle Studies
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health and Wellbeing Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
Keywords: health behavior patterns, lifestyle adherence, physical activity, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, fruit and vegetable intake, dietary fat intake, disease prevention, health promotion, sociodemographic differences
MeSH terms: Smoking Prevention, Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Demography, Ethnicity, Female, Fruit, Health Surveys, Humans, Life Style, Male, Patient Compliance, United States, Vegetables, Health Behavior, Exercise, Diet, Fat-Restricted

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Patterns of health behavior in U.S. adults

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