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A review of 25 long-term adolescent tobacco and other drug use prevention program evaluations
Abstract
Background Although the initial effectiveness of psychosocial strategies programming in preventing smoking and other drug abuse among adolescents has been well established through literature reviews and meta-analyses, much less evidence exists for the long-term follow-up success of these interventions. The primary goal of this paper, therefore, is to summarize the effectiveness of published program evaluation studies that have followed adolescents across the transitional period between junior high and high school for a period of at least 2 years. Methods Studies for inclusion in this review were accessed primarily through a computerized search of Medline, Healthstar, and PsychINFO databases. Intervention studies that met five core criteria were retained for review. Two authors independently abstracted data on study characteristics, methodology, and program outcomes. Results Search results yielded 25 studies suitable for examination. The majority of these studies reported significant program effects for long-term smoking, alcohol, and marijuana outcomes, while indicating a fairly consistent magnitude of program effects. Conclusions This review provides long-term empirical evidence of the effectiveness of social influences programs in preventing or reducing substance use for up to 15 years after completion of programming. However, this conclusion is still somewhat tenuous given the lack of significant program effects reported in several studies and the great variability that existed in the level of internal and external validity across all studies.
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“One review suggested that there is some empirical evidence of the effectiveness of social influences programs in preventing or reducing substance use for up to 15 years after completion of programming.”
From Interventions for Adolescent Substance Abuse: An Overview of Systematic Reviews (2016) · cites this paper as [74]
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“However, this conclusion is prone to great variability in the level of internal and external validity across all studies [74].”
From Interventions for Adolescent Substance Abuse: An Overview of Systematic Reviews (2016) · cites this paper as [74]
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“Multicomponent interventions Skara and Sussman [74] 25 studies All high-income countries Prevention strategies that addressed the issues of social influences to smoke and the development of skills to resist such pressures 7 No Frequency of substance use”
BackgroundDoremus-Fitzwater, T. L., Varlinskaya, E. I., & Spear, L. P. (2010) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2009.08.008 · Cited by 397
Metadata
- Authors
- Skara, S., & Sussman, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Skara, Silvana
- ORCID
- Sussman, Steve
- Venue
- Preventive Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-11
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 451-474
- ISSN
- 0091-7435 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2001903565
- Cited by
- 310
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 2.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › School Health and Nursing Education
- Keywords
- adolescent substance use prevention, tobacco use prevention, smoking prevention, alcohol prevention, cannabis use, psychosocial interventions, program evaluation
- MeSH terms
- Smoking Prevention, Adolescent, Community Health Services, Cross-Sectional Studies, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Research Design, School Health Services, Reproducibility of Results, Program Evaluation, Substance Abuse Treatment Centers, Adolescent Health Services, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Evidence-Based Medicine, Substance-Related Disorders
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