Stages of change
Open accessAbstract
The transtheoretical model, in general, and the stages of change, in particular, have proven useful in adapting or tailoring treatment to the individual. We define the stages and processes of change and then review previous meta‐analyses on their interrelationship. We report an original meta‐analysis of 39 studies, encompassing 8,238 psychotherapy patients, to assess the ability of stages of change and related readiness measures to predict psychotherapy outcomes. Clinically significant effect sizes were found for the association between stage of change and psychotherapy outcomes ( d = .46); the amount of progress clients make during treatment tends to be a function of their pretreatment stage of change. We examine potential moderators in effect size by study outcome, patient characteristics, treatment features, and diagnosis. We also review the large volume of behavioral health research, but scant psychotherapy research, that demonstrates the efficacy of matching treatment to the patient's stage of change. Limitations of the extant research are noted, and practice recommendations are advanced. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 67:143–154, 2011.
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Matching treatment to the patient's stage of change is paramount to achieve efficacy of the intervention.
“Our findings underscore the significance of matching treatment to the patient’s stage of change. This is paramount to achieve an efficacy of the intervention (30).”
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- Authors
- Norcross, J. C., Krebs, P. M., & Prochaska, J. O.
- Affiliations
- University of Scranton (US)
- VA NY Harbor Healthcare System (US)
- University of Rhode Island (US)
- Corresponding author
- Norcross, John C.
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Psychology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-12-14
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 143-154
- ISSN
- 0021-9762 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-4679
- OpenAlex
- W1983065505
- Cited by
- 1,065
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 77 · 2020: 101 · 2019: 55 · 2018: 59 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 60 · 2015: 74 · 2014: 84 · 2013: 83 · 2012: 54
- FWCI
- 8.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Journal of Media Literacy Education (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- stages of change, transtheoretical model, readiness to change, psychotherapy outcome, treatment matching, tailored treatment, change processes, behavioral health, treatment moderators
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Mental Disorders, Humans, Psychotherapy, Treatment Outcome, Patient Selection
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