DNA Transposition by the RAG1 and RAG2 Proteins
Open accessAbstract
The RAG1 and RAG2 proteins are known to initiate V(D)J recombination by making a double-strand break between the recombination signal sequence (RSS) and the neighboring coding DNA. We show that these proteins can also drive the coupled insertion of cleaved recombination signals into new DNA sites in a transpositional reaction. This RAG-mediated DNA transfer provides strong evidence for the evolution of the V(D)J recombination system from an ancient mobile DNA element and suggests that repeated transposition may have promoted the expansion of the antigen receptor loci. The inappropriate diversion of V(D)J rearrangement to a transpositional pathway may also help to explain certain types of DNA translocation associated with lymphatic tumors.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
RAG1-mediated transposition in vitro, both intermolecular and intramolecular, is most frequently accompanied by 5-bp TSDs.
“It has been known that RAG1-mediated transposition in vitro, both intermolecular and intramolecular, is most frequently accompanied by 5-bp TSDs [12,13].”
From RAG1 Core and V(D)J Recombination Signal Sequences Were Derived from Transib Transposons (2005) · cites this paper as [13]
Cites
RAG-1 and RAG-2, Adjacent Genes That Synergistically Activate V(D)J Recombination
Oettinger, M. A., Schatz, D. G., Gorka, C., & Baltimore, D. (1990) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2360047 · Cited by 1,457 · see citing works
Tsujimoto, Y., Gorham, J. D., Cossman, J., Jaffe, E. S., & Croce, C. M. (1985) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3929382 · Cited by 990 · see citing works
Sequences at the somatic recombination sites of immunoglobulin light-chain genes
Sakano, H., Huppi, K. E., Heinrich, G., & Tonegawa, S. (1979) · Nature · doi:10.1038/280288a0 · Cited by 857 · see citing works
McBlane, J. F., van Gent, D. C., Ramsden, D. A., Romeo, C., Cuomo, C. A., Gellert, M. F., & Oettinger, M. A. (1995) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90116-7 · Cited by 706 · see citing works
Self-citationHIV-1 DNA integration: Mechanism of viral DNA cleavage and DNA strand transfer
Engelman, A., Mizuuchi, K., & Craigie, R. (1991) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(91)90297-c · Cited by 655 · see citing works
The Mechanism of V(D)J Joining: Lessons from Molecular, Immunological, and Comparative Analyses
Lewis, S. M. (1994) · Advances in immunology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60450-2 · Cited by 580 · see citing works
TRANSPOSITIONAL RECOMBINATION: Mechanistic Insights from Studies of Mu and Other Elements
Mizuuchi, K. (1992) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.61.070192.005051 · Cited by 397 · see citing works
Reversal of Integration and DNA Splicing Mediated by Integrase of Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Chow, S. A., Vincent, K. A., Ellison, V., & Brown, P. O. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1738845 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Goossens, T., Klein, U., & Küppers, R. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.5.2463 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Agrawal, A., & Schatz, D. G. (1997) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80181-6 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
TARGET SITE SELECTION IN TRANSPOSITION
Craig, N. L. (1997) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.66.1.437 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
The RAG1 and RAG2 Proteins Establish the 12/23 Rule in V(D)J Recombination
van Gent, D. C., Ramsden, D. A., & Gellert, M. F. (1996) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81086-7 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Self-citationSimilarities Between Initiation of V(D)J Recombination and Retroviral Integration
van Gent, D. C., Mizuuchi, K., & Gellert, M. F. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.271.5255.1592 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Self-citationBegley, C. G., Aplan, P., Davey, M. P., Nakahara, K., Tchorz, K. M., Kurtzberg, J., Hershfield, M. S., Haynes, B. F., Cohen, D. I., & Waldmann, T. A. (1989) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.86.6.2031 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Disruption of the Human SCL Locus by "Illegitimate" V-(D)-J Recombinase Activity
Aplan, P. D., Lombardi, D. P., Ginsberg, A. M., Cossman, J., Bertness, V. L., & Kirsch, I. R. (1990) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2255914 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
New insights into V(D)J recombination and its role in the evolution of the immune system
Thompson, C. B. (1995) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/1074-7613(95)90124-8 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Chromosomal Translocations In Lymphoid Malignancies Reveal Novel Proto-Oncogenes
Korsmeyer, S. J. (1992) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.iy.10.040192.004033 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Bakhshi, A., Wright, J. R., Graninger, W. B., et al. (1987) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.84.8.2396 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Assembly of a 12/23 Paired Signal Complex: A Critical Control Point in V(D)J Recombination
Hiom, K. J., & Gellert, M. F. (1998) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80101-x · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Self-citationA Stable RAG1–RAG2–DNA Complex That Is Active in V(D)J Cleavage
Hiom, K. J., & Gellert, M. F. (1997) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81859-0 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Self-citationRecent Advances in Understanding V(D)J Recombination
Gellert, M. F. (1997) · Advances in immunology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60886-x · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Self-citationMizuuchi, K., & Adzuma, K. (1991) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(91)90145-o · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Polynucleotidyl transfer reactions in transpositional DNA recombination.
Mizuuchi, K. (1992) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)36600-1 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Formation and resolution of double-strand break intermediates in V(D)J rearrangement.Preprint
Ramsden, D. A., & Gellert, M. F. (1995) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.9.19.2409 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Self-citationAtkinson, P. W., Warren, W. D., & O’Brochta, D. A. (1993) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.90.20.9693 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Ramsden, D. A., Paull, T. T., & Gellert, M. F. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/41351 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Self-citationChromosomal translocations in lymphoid neoplasia: a reappraisal of the recombinase model.
Tycko, B., & Sklar, J. L. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Bogue, M. A., Wang, C., Zhu, C., & Roth, D. B. (1997) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80508-7 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
The human T cell receptor genes are targets for chromosomal abnormalities in T cell tumors
Boehm, T. L. J., & Rabbitts, T. H. (1989) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.3.12.2676678 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Rejoining of DNA by the RAG1 and RAG2 Proteins
Melek, M., Gellert, M. F., & van Gent, D. C. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.280.5361.301 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citationPolynucleotidyl transfer reactions in site‐specific DNA recombination
Mizuuchi, K. (1997) · Genes to Cells · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2443.1997.970297.x · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Mechanism of V(D)J recombination
Bogue, M. A., & Roth, D. B. (1996) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/s0952-7915(96)80055-0 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Savilahti, H., & Mizuuchi, K. (1996) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81103-4 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
The 12/23 rule is enforced at the cleavage step of V(D)J recombination in vivo
Steen, S. B., Gomelsky, L., & Roth, D. B. (1996) · Genes to Cells · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2443.1996.d01-259.x · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Sadofsky, M. J., Hesse, J. E., van Gent, D. C., & Gellert, M. F. (1995) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.9.17.2193 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citationHan, J.-O., Steen, S. B., & Roth, D. B. (1997) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.17.4.2226 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Colot, V., Haedens, V., & Rossignol, J. (1998) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.18.7.4337 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Structural and Functional Chimerism Results from Chromosomal Translocation in Lymphoid Tumors
Rabbitts, T. H., & Boehm, T. L. J. (1991) · Advances in immunology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60824-x · Cited by 42 · see citing works
UPDATE: V(D)J Recombination and Transposition: Closer Than Expected
Craig, N. L. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.271.5255.1512 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Janeway, C. A., & Medzhitov, R. (2002) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.20.083001.084359 · Cited by 8,394 · see citing works
Genetic instabilities in human cancers
Lengauer, C., Kinzler, K. W., & Vogelstein, B. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/25292 · Cited by 4,168 · see citing works
RAG1 Core and V(D)J Recombination Signal Sequences Were Derived from Transib Transposons
Kapitonov, V. V., & Jurka, J. (2005) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0030181 · Cited by 521 · see citing works
Frequent chromosomal translocations induced by DNA double-strand breaks
Richardson, C., & Jasin, M. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35015097 · Cited by 517 · see citing works
Transposition of hAT elements links transposable elements and V(D)J recombination
Zhou, L., Mitra, R., Atkinson, P. W., Burgess Hickman, A., Dyda, F., & Craig, N. L. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03157 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Landree, M. A., Wibbenmeyer, J. A., & Roth, D. B. (1999) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.13.23.3059 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Mutations of acidic residues in RAG1 define the active site of the V(D)J recombinase
Kim, D. R., Dai, Y., Mundy, C. L., Yang, W., & Oettinger, M. A. (1999) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.13.23.3070 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Our Conflict with Transposable Elements and Its Implications for Human Disease
Burns, K. H. (2020) · Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease · doi:10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-012419-032633 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
The role of genes domesticated from LTR retrotransposons and retroviruses in mammals
Kaneko-Ishino, T., & Ishino, F. (2012) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00262 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Aidinis, V., Dias, D. C., Gomez, C. A., Bhattacharyya, D., Spanopoulou, E., & Santagata, S. (2000) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.164.11.5826 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
A classification of possible routes of Darwinian evolution
THORNHILL, R. H., & USSERY, D. W. (2000) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1006/jtbi.2000.1070 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hiom, K., Melek, M., & Gellert, M.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gellert, Martin
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-08
- Volume
- 94
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 463-470
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2018237947
- Cited by
- 534
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 17.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Keywords
- RAG1, RAG2, DNA transposition, V(D)J recombination, recombination signal sequences, mobile DNA elements, lymphoma, DNA translocation
- MeSH terms
- DNA, DNA Transposable Elements, DNA Nucleotidyltransferases, DNA-Binding Proteins, Lymphoma, Models, Genetic, Nucleotidyltransferases, Oncogenes, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, Recombination, Genetic, Translocation, Genetic, Gene Rearrangement, T-Lymphocyte, Homeodomain Proteins, Evolution, Molecular, Transposases, VDJ Recombinases
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review