Cited by 167Neuroendocrine regulation and behaviorSexual Differentiation and DisordersAnimal Behavior and Reproduction

Hormone-dependent aggression in male and female rats: Experiential, hormonal, and neural foundations

Albert, D.J., Jonik, R.H., Walsh, M.L.·1992·Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

Abstract

Hormone-dependent aggression in both male and female rats includes the distinctive behavioral characteristics of piloerection and lateral attack. In males the aggression is dependent on testicular testosterone and is commonly known as intermale aggression. In females, the aggression is most commonly observed as maternal aggression and is dependent on hormones whose identity is only beginning to emerge. The present review examines the experiential events which activate hormone-dependent aggression, the relation of the aggression to gonadal hormones, and the neural structures that participate in its modulation. In males and females, the aggression is activated by cohabitation with a conspecific of the opposite sex, by competitive experience, and by repeated exposure to unfamiliar conspecifics. In the female, the presence of pups also activates aggression. In both males and females, hormones are necessary for the full manifestation of the aggression. The essential hormone appears to be testosterone in males and a combination of testosterone and estradiol in females. The information available suggests the neural control systems for hormone-dependent aggression may be similar in males and females. It is argued that hormone-dependent aggression is behaviorally and biologically homologous in male and female rats.

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Crossref · 10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80179-4

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157 of 157 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Adult female laboratory rats display aggression mainly during pregnancy and lactation.

    “Adult females display aggression mainly during the pregnancy and lactation.56,57”
  • In male rats, fights are generally much more common than in females, but social ranks have been observed also among females.

    “In males, fights are generally much more common than in females, but some authors managed to observe social ranks also among the latter.56,94,111,112”

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Authors
Albert, D. J., Jonik, R. H., & Walsh, M. L.
Affiliations
University of British Columbia (CA)
Venue
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1992-06
Volume
16
Issue
2
Pages
177-192
ISSN
0149-7634 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1970628628
Cited by
167
References
151
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 8
FWCI
12.36
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
Keywords
sex differences in aggression, male-male aggression, maternal aggression, testosterone, estradiol, gonadal hormones, piloerection, rats
MeSH terms
Aggression, Animals, Female, Hormones, Male, Neurons, Rats

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