Cited by 689Neuroendocrine regulation and behaviorAttachment and Relationship DynamicsHuman-Animal Interaction Studies

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Brain substrates of infant-mother attachment: contributions of opioids, oxytocin, and norepinephrine.

Nelson, Eric E, Panksepp, Jaak·1998·Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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Abstract

The aim of this paper is to review recent work concerning the psychobiological substrates of social bonding, focusing on the literature attributed to opioids, oxytocin and norepinephrine in rats. Existing evidence and thinking about the biological foundations of attachment in young mammalian species and the neurobiology of several other affiliative behaviors including maternal behavior, sexual behavior and social memory is reviewed. We postulate the existence of social motivation circuitry which is common to all mammals and consistent across development. Oxytocin, vasopressin, endogenous opioids and catecholamines appear to participate in a wide variety of affiliative behaviors and are likely to be important components in this circuitry. It is proposed that these same neurochemical and neuroanatomical patterns will emerge as key substrates in the neurobiology of infant attachments to their caregivers.

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Authors: Nelson, E. E., & Panksepp, J.
Affiliations: Indiana University Bloomington (US)
Bowling Green State University (US)
Corresponding author: Nelson, Eric E
ORCID: Nelson, Eric E
Venue: Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1998-05
Volume: 22
Issue: 3
Pages: 437-452
ISSN: 0149-7634 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0149-7634(97)00052-3
OpenAlex: W1981657115
Cited by: 688
References: 207
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 45 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 47 · 2012: 29
FWCI: 3.25
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Human-Animal Interaction Studies
Keywords: infant-mother attachment, social bonding, oxytocin, endogenous opioids, norepinephrine, vasopressin, catecholamines, maternal behavior, affiliative behavior, social memory, sexual behavior, neurobiology of attachment, rats
MeSH terms: Animals, Brain, Brain Chemistry, Humans, Mother-Child Relations, Norepinephrine, Oxytocin, Opioid Peptides, Rats

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Brain substrates of infant-mother attachment: contributions of opioids, oxytocin, and norepinephrine.

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