The DOI matches its Crossref record; 262 of the 262 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
CNS energy metabolism as related to function
Abstract
Large amounts of energy are required to maintain the signaling activities of CNS cells. Because of the fine-grained heterogeneity of brain and the rapid changes in energy demand, it has been difficult to monitor rates of energy generation and consumption at the cellular level and even more difficult at the subcellular level. Mechanisms to facilitate energy transfer within cells include the juxtaposition of sites of generation with sites of consumption and the transfer of approximately P by the creatine kinase/creatine phosphate and the adenylate kinase systems. There is evidence that glycolysis is separated from oxidative metabolism at some sites with lactate becoming an important substrate. Carbonic anhydrase may play a role in buffering activity-induced increases in lactic acid. Relatively little energy is used for 'vegetative' processes. The great majority is used for signaling processes, particularly Na(+) transport. The brain has very small energy reserves, and the margin of safety between the energy that can be generated and the energy required for maximum activity is also small. It seems probable that the supply of energy may impose a limit on the activity of a neuron under normal conditions. A number of mechanisms have evolved to reduce activity when energy levels are diminished.
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“Carbonic anhydrases are expressed in glial cells and are involved in modulating CO2 and other metabolic end products to levels that may enable buffering/secretion of lactate (37, 39).”
From Evolution of increased glia–neuron ratios in the human frontal cortex (2006) · cites this paper as [37]
In the citing paper
“Lactate generated in glia, particularly astrocytes, can serve as a substrate for the oxidative metabolism of adjacent neurons (37).”
From Evolution of increased glia–neuron ratios in the human frontal cortex (2006) · cites this paper as [37]
Citations
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Cited by
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Spontaneous fluctuations in brain activity observed with functional magnetic resonance imaging
Fox, M. D., & Raichle, M. E. (2007) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2201 · Cited by 6,700
Raichle, M. E., & Mintun, M. A. (2006) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.29.051605.112819 · Cited by 1,630
The return of metabolism: biochemistry and physiology of the pentose phosphate pathway
Stincone, A., Prigione, A., Cramer, T., Wamelink, M. M. C., Campbell, K., Cheung, E., Olin‐Sandoval, V., Grüning, N., Krüger, A., Tauqeer Alam, M., et al. (2015) · Biological Reviews · doi:10.1111/brv.12140 · Cited by 1,576
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Lennie, P. (2003) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(03)00135-0 · Cited by 1,134
Metadata
- Authors
- Ames, A.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ames, Adelbert
- Venue
- Brain Research Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-11
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 42-68
- ISSN
- 0165-0173 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2094344877
- Cited by
- 663
- References
- 262
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 1.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain Research Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroprotection in Cerebral Ischemia
- Keywords
- brain energy metabolism, neuronal signaling, creatine kinase, phosphocreatine, adenylate kinase, glycolysis, oxidative metabolism, lactate, carbonic anhydrase, sodium transport
- MeSH terms
- Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Brain, Carbonic Anhydrases, Energy Metabolism, Guanosine Triphosphate, Humans, Neurons, Oxygen, Lactic Acid
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