Nicotine-conditioned locomotor sensitization in rats: assessment of the US-preexposure effect
Abstract
In rats, stimulus-nicotine associations can be altered by preexposure to the nicotine US (unconditioned stimulus). This alteration differs with the conditioning preparation. In a conditioned taste avoidance preparation, preexposure to nicotine weakens conditioning. In contrast, nicotine preexposure enhances acquisition of a nicotine-conditioned place preference. No one has examined the effects of US preexposure on nicotine locomotor conditioning. In three separate experiments, we assessed the effects of nicotine preexposure on the subsequent expression of conditioned hyperactivity produced by a nicotine US. We found evidence for nicotine-conditioned locomotor sensitization in non-preexposed rats that received repeated pairings of a distinct context with the psychomotor effects of a 0.42 mg/kg dose of nicotine (free base). Conditioning was not observed at lower nicotine doses (0.18 and 0.11 mg/kg) in non-preexposed rats. Preexposure to the 0.42 and 0.18 mg/kg doses of nicotine (3 or 9 days) attenuated acute locomotor suppression and enhanced the development of locomotor sensitization to that same dose. Despite similar qualitative shifts in the locomotor profile induced by preexposure to the nicotine US, conditioned hyperactivity was only altered after 3 or 9 days of preexposure at the 0.18 mg/kg dose. Thus, similar to place conditioning, nicotine preexposure can enhance the subsequent effectiveness of the nicotine US in a locomotor conditioning preparation.
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Both bupropion and nicotine are psychomotor stimulants.
“Both drugs are psychomotor stimulants [225, 226]”
From Mechanistic insights into nicotine withdrawal (2011) · cites this paper as [225]
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- Authors
- Bevins, R. A., & Palmatier, M. I.
- Affiliations
- University of Nebraska–Lincoln (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bevins, Rick A
- Venue
- Behavioural Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-07
- Volume
- 143
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 65-74
- ISSN
- 0166-4328 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2169719456
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 1.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behavioural Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA 11893, R01DA011893)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Keywords
- nicotine, locomotor sensitization, conditioned taste avoidance, locomotor suppression
- MeSH terms
- Analysis of Variance, Animals, Association Learning, Conditioning, Psychological, Cues, Differential Threshold, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Male, Motor Activity, Nicotine, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Rats
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