Avoparcin used as a growth promoter is associated with the occurrence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium on Danish poultry and pig farms
Abstract
We determined the association between the use of the glycopeptide antibiotic avoparcin as a growth promoter and the occurrence of Enterococcus faecium (VREF) with high-level resistance to vancomycin (MIC > or = 64 micrograms ml-1) on poultry and pig farms. The investigations were conducted as retrospective cohort studies, where groups of farms exposed or not exposed to avoparcin between September 1994 and April 1995 were compared. In poultry, the association between the use of avoparcin and the occurrence of VREF was confounded by the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, and the adjusted relative risk was 2.9 (1.4-5.9). In pigs, the association had a similar magnitude with a non-adjusted relative risk of 3.3 (0.9-12.3). The similar findings in the two studies provide evidence in favour of a causal association between the use of avoparcin and the occurrence of VREF on farms, and suggest that food animals constitute a potential reservoir of infection for VREF in humans.
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Scientifically based investigations suggest a strong relationship between antibiotic use in food animals and the development of antibiotic resistance by bacteria associated with farm animals.
“Scientifically based investigations suggest a strong relationship between antibiotic use in food animals and the development of antibiotic resistance by bacteria associated with farm animals [88,89,90].”
From The Food Production Environment and the Development of Antimicrobial Resistance in Human Pathogens of Animal Origin (2017) · cites this paper as [90]
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- Authors
- Bager, F., Madsen, M., Christensen, J., & Aarestrup, F. M.
- Affiliations
- Technical University of Denmark (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Bager, F
- Venue
- Preventive Veterinary Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1997-07
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 95-112
- ISSN
- 0167-5877 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2040630478
- Cited by
- 426
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 8.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Preventive Veterinary Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology › Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Keywords
- avoparcin, growth promoters, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, vancomycin resistance, poultry farms, pig farms, antibiotic use, broad-spectrum antibiotics, zoonotic reservoirs, food-producing animals, antimicrobial resistance
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Antibodies, Bacterial, Chickens, Denmark, Disease Susceptibility, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Female, Glycopeptides, Growth Substances, Male, Poultry, Poultry Diseases, Retrospective Studies, Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms, Swine, Swine Diseases, Vancomycin, Cohort Studies, Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections, Enterococcus faecium
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